महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-56, verse-3

कृत्वा मूत्रमुपस्पृश्य संध्यामास्ते स्म नैषधः ।
अकृत्वा पादयोः शौचं तत्रैनं कलिराविशत् ॥३॥

3. kṛtvā mūtramupaspṛśya saṁdhyāmāste sma naiṣadhaḥ ,
akṛtvā pādayoḥ śaucaṁ tatrainaṁ kalirāviśat.

3. kṛtvā mūtram upaspṛśya sandhyām āste sma naiṣadhaḥ
akṛtvā pādayoḥ śaucam tatra enam kaliḥ āviśat

3. King Nala of Niṣadha, having urinated and performed the ritual touching of water, was observing his evening prayers (sandhyā). But he had not purified his feet, and it was at that moment that Kali entered him.

Words meanings summery:

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

• मूत्रम् (mūtram) - act of urination (urine, urination)

• उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having touched (water), having performed ritual purification with water

• सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - evening prayers (sandhyā) (twilight prayer, junction of day and night)

• आस्ते (āste) - was sitting for, was performing (sits, stays, is)

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense with present verb

• नैषधः (naiṣadhaḥ) - King Nala (inhabitant of Niṣadha, King of Niṣadha)

• अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - without having done, not having performed

• पादयोः (pādayoḥ) - of the two feet

• शौचम् (śaucam) - purification, purity, cleanliness

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that circumstance

• एनम् (enam) - him (Nala) (him, this one)

• कलिः (kaliḥ) - The personification of Kali (Kali, the age of strife)

• आविशत् (āviśat) - entered, penetrated

Words meanings and morphology

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from root kṛ with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मूत्रम् (mūtram) - act of urination (urine, urination)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mūtra

mūtra - urine

उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having touched (water), having performed ritual purification with water

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from root spṛś with upasarga upa and suffix -ya

Prefix: upa

Root: spṛś (class 6)

सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - evening prayers (sandhyā) (twilight prayer, junction of day and night)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sandhyā

sandhyā - junction, twilight, twilight prayer (sandhyā)

आस्ते (āste) - was sitting for, was performing (sits, stays, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ās

Present tense, middle voice form of ās

Root: ās (class 2)

स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense with present verb

(indeclinable)

नैषधः (naiṣadhaḥ) - King Nala (inhabitant of Niṣadha, King of Niṣadha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naiṣadha

naiṣadha - belonging to Niṣadha, king of Niṣadha, Nala

अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - without having done, not having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from root kṛ with suffix -tvā, negated by 'a' prefix

Prefix: a

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पादयोः (pādayoḥ) - of the two feet

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter

शौचम् (śaucam) - purification, purity, cleanliness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śauca

śauca - purity, cleanliness, purification, ablution

Root: śuc

तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that circumstance

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (Nala) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him

Forms of "ena" often used instead of "idam" in certain cases.

कलिः (kaliḥ) - The personification of Kali (Kali, the age of strife)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kali

kali - the last of the four yugas, personification of the age of strife, demon Kali

आविशत् (āviśat) - entered, penetrated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of viś

Imperfect tense

Root viś with upasarga ā. Imperfect 3rd person singular active.

Prefix: ā

Root: viś (class 6)