महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-285, verse-5

कीर्तिश्च जीवतः साध्वी पुरुषस्य महाद्युते ।
मृतस्य कीर्त्या किं कार्यं भस्मीभूतस्य देहिनः ।
मृतः कीर्तिं न जानाति जीवन्कीर्तिं समश्नुते ॥५॥

5. kīrtiśca jīvataḥ sādhvī puruṣasya mahādyute ,
mṛtasya kīrtyā kiṁ kāryaṁ bhasmībhūtasya dehinaḥ ,
mṛtaḥ kīrtiṁ na jānāti jīvankīrtiṁ samaśnute.

5. kīrtiḥ ca jīvataḥ sādhvī puruṣasya
mahādyute mṛtasya kīrtyā kim kāryam
bhasmībhūtasya dehinaḥ mṛtaḥ
kīrtim na jānāti jīvan kīrtim samaśnute

5. Fame is truly beneficial for a living person, O greatly radiant one. What use is fame to one who is dead, to the embodied being (dehin) whose body has turned to ashes? A dead person does not know fame, but a living person enjoys it.

Words meanings summery:

• कीर्तिः (kīrtiḥ) - fame, glory, reputation

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - for a living person (of the living, for the living)

• साध्वी (sādhvī) - truly beneficial (fame) (good, righteous, virtuous, beneficial)

• पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a living person (of a man, of a person)

• महाद्युते (mahādyute) - O greatly radiant one, O illustrious one

• मृतस्य (mṛtasya) - of one who is dead (of the dead, of a dead person)

• कीर्त्या (kīrtyā) - by fame (by fame, with fame)

• किम् (kim) - what use? (what? why? what use?)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - use (work, duty, purpose, use)

• भस्मीभूतस्य (bhasmībhūtasya) - of one whose body has turned to ashes (of one who has become ashes, of one turned to ashes)

• देहिनः (dehinaḥ) - of the embodied being (of the embodied one, of a living being, of the soul)

• मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - a dead person (dead, a dead person)

• कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - fame, glory

• न (na) - not, no

• जानाति (jānāti) - does not know (fame) (knows, recognizes)

• जीवन् (jīvan) - a living person (living, a living person, while living)

• कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - fame, glory

• समश्नुते (samaśnute) - enjoys (fame) (obtains, enjoys, attains, reaches)

Words meanings and morphology

कीर्तिः (kīrtiḥ) - fame, glory, reputation

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kīrti

kīrti - fame, glory, reputation

Root: kīrt (class 10)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - for a living person (of the living, for the living)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive

present active participle

present active participle from jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Acts as a noun.

साध्वी (sādhvī) - truly beneficial (fame) (good, righteous, virtuous, beneficial)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, proper

Note: Agrees with kīrtiḥ.

पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a living person (of a man, of a person)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male

Note: Agrees with jīvataḥ.

महाद्युते (mahādyute) - O greatly radiant one, O illustrious one

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahādyuti

mahādyuti - great splendor, greatly radiant

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+dyuti)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• dyuti – splendor, light, radiance
  noun (feminine)
  Root: dyut (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Yudhishthira.

मृतस्य (mṛtasya) - of one who is dead (of the dead, of a dead person)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased

past passive participle

past passive participle from root mṛ

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Acts as a noun.

कीर्त्या (kīrtyā) - by fame (by fame, with fame)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kīrti

kīrti - fame, glory, reputation

Root: kīrt (class 10)

किम् (kim) - what use? (what? why? what use?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: Functions as an interrogative pronoun.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - use (work, duty, purpose, use)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - work, duty, action, what is to be done

gerundive

gerundive from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

भस्मीभूतस्य (bhasmībhūtasya) - of one whose body has turned to ashes (of one who has become ashes, of one turned to ashes)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhasmībhūta

bhasmībhūta - turned into ashes

compound adjective formed with past passive participle

formed from bhasman (ashes) + bhūta (become)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhasman+bhūta)

• bhasman – ashes
  noun (neuter)
• bhūta – become, been, past, creature
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  past passive participle from root bhū
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mṛtasya and dehinaḥ.

देहिनः (dehinaḥ) - of the embodied being (of the embodied one, of a living being, of the soul)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dehin

dehin - embodied, living being, soul

derived from deha (body)

Note: Agrees with mṛtasya and bhasmībhūtasya.

मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - a dead person (dead, a dead person)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased

past passive participle

past passive participle from root mṛ

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Acts as a noun.

कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - fame, glory

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kīrti

kīrti - fame, glory, reputation

Root: kīrt (class 10)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जानाति (jānāti) - does not know (fame) (knows, recognizes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

जीवन् (jīvan) - a living person (living, a living person, while living)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive

present active participle

present active participle from jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Acts as a noun.

कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - fame, glory

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kīrti

kīrti - fame, glory, reputation

Root: kīrt (class 10)

समश्नुते (samaśnute) - enjoys (fame) (obtains, enjoys, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of aś

Prefix: sam

Root: aś (class 5)