महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-285, verse-4

जीवतां कुरुते कार्यं पिता माता सुतास्तथा ।
ये चान्ये बान्धवाः केचिल्लोकेऽस्मिन्पुरुषर्षभ ।
राजानश्च नरव्याघ्र पौरुषेण निबोध तत् ॥४॥

4. jīvatāṁ kurute kāryaṁ pitā mātā sutāstathā ,
ye cānye bāndhavāḥ kecilloke'sminpuruṣarṣabha ,
rājānaśca naravyāghra pauruṣeṇa nibodha tat.

4. jīvatām kurute kāryam pitā mātā
sutāḥ tathā ye ca anye bāndhavāḥ kecit
loke asmin puruṣarṣabha rājānaḥ
ca naravyāghra pauruṣeṇa nibodha tat

4. Father, mother, children, and other relatives, as well as kings, all perform duties for the living in this world, O best among men, O tiger among men. Understand that by your own human effort (pauruṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• जीवताम् (jīvatām) - for the living (people) (of the living, for the living, for those who live)

• कुरुते (kurute) - performs (duties) (does, performs, makes)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - duties (work, duty, action, what is to be done)

• पिता (pitā) - father

• माता (mātā) - mother

• सुताः (sutāḥ) - sons, children

• तथा (tathā) - and also (thus, so, and also, similarly)

• ये (ye) - those who (who, which)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अन्ये (anye) - other (relatives) (other, different)

• बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

• केचित् (kecit) - any (relatives) (some, certain, any)

• लोके (loke) - in this world (in the world, in the realm)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (world) (in this)

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best among men, O bull among men

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

• पौरुषेण (pauruṣeṇa) - by your own human effort (by manliness, by valor, by human effort)

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand that (understand, know, perceive)

• तत् (tat) - that (fact) (that, it)

Words meanings and morphology

जीवताम् (jīvatām) - for the living (people) (of the living, for the living, for those who live)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive

present active participle

present active participle from jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Acts as a noun here.

कुरुते (kurute) - performs (duties) (does, performs, makes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कार्यम् (kāryam) - duties (work, duty, action, what is to be done)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - work, duty, action, what is to be done

gerundive

gerundive from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

माता (mātā) - mother

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

सुताः (sutāḥ) - sons, children

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suta

suta - son, child

past passive participle

past passive participle from root su (to beget)

Root: su (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - and also (thus, so, and also, similarly)

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - those who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - other (relatives) (other, different)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Acts as an adjective here.

बान्धवाः (bāndhavāḥ) - relatives, kinsmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bāndhava

bāndhava - relative, kinsman

केचित् (kecit) - any (relatives) (some, certain, any)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaścid

kaścid - someone, something, any, certain

formed from interrogative ka + indefinite particle cid

Note: Used adjectivally with bāndhavāḥ.

लोके (loke) - in this world (in the world, in the realm)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (world) (in this)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Agrees with loke.

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best among men, O bull among men

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - best among men, bull among men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Yudhishthira.

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, best of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Yudhishthira.

पौरुषेण (pauruṣeṇa) - by your own human effort (by manliness, by valor, by human effort)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pauruṣa

pauruṣa - manliness, human effort, valor

निबोध (nibodha) - understand that (understand, know, perceive)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of budh

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (fact) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the preceding statement.