महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-285, verse-12

कीर्तिश्च जीवतः साध्वी पुरुषस्येति विद्धि तत् ।
प्रत्याख्येयस्त्वया तात कुण्डलार्थे पुरंदरः ॥१२॥

12. kīrtiśca jīvataḥ sādhvī puruṣasyeti viddhi tat ,
pratyākhyeyastvayā tāta kuṇḍalārthe puraṁdaraḥ.

12. kīrtiḥ ca jīvataḥ sādhvī puruṣasya iti viddhi tat
| pratyākhyeyaḥ tvayā tāta kuṇḍalārthe purandaraḥ

12. And know this: for a living man, a good reputation (kīrti) is truly virtuous. Therefore, O dear one, you should reject Purandara for the sake of the earrings.

Words meanings summery:

• कीर्तिः (kīrtiḥ) - reputation (fame, renown, glory, reputation)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - of a living one, of a living person

• साध्वी (sādhvī) - virtuous, good (virtuous, good, excellent, chaste, righteous)

• पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a man, of a person (of a man, of a person, of the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa))

• इति (iti) - thus, indicating the preceding statement (thus, in this way, so, referring to)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know (know, understand, realize)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the statement about fame) (that, therefore, this)

• प्रत्याख्येयः (pratyākhyeyaḥ) - should be rejected (to be rejected, to be refused, to be turned away)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (a term of address, implying affection) (O dear one, O father, O child)

• कुण्डलार्थे (kuṇḍalārthe) - for the sake of the earrings

• पुरन्दरः (purandaraḥ) - Indra (the chief of the gods) (Purandara (a name for Indra))

Words meanings and morphology

कीर्तिः (kīrtiḥ) - reputation (fame, renown, glory, reputation)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kīrti

kīrti - fame, renown, glory, reputation, praise

From root kīrt (कीर्त्) 'to mention, tell, praise'.

Root: kīrt (class 10)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - of a living one, of a living person

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive, a living being

Present Active Participle

From root jīv (जीव्) 'to live'. Formed with the -at suffix.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Modifies puruṣasya.

साध्वी (sādhvī) - virtuous, good (virtuous, good, excellent, chaste, righteous)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sādhvī

sādhvī - virtuous woman, chaste woman; (as adjective) virtuous, good, excellent, chaste

Feminine form of sādhu.

Root: sādh (class 5)

पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a man, of a person (of a man, of a person, of the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person, human being, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

Root: pṛ (class 3)

इति (iti) - thus, indicating the preceding statement (thus, in this way, so, referring to)

(indeclinable)

विद्धि (viddhi) - know (know, understand, realize)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Irregular form of the imperative.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the statement about fame) (that, therefore, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she, this

Note: Object of viddhi.

प्रत्याख्येयः (pratyākhyeyaḥ) - should be rejected (to be rejected, to be refused, to be turned away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyākhyeya

pratyākhyeya - to be rejected, to be refused, to be repulsed, to be denied

Gerundive (Kartavya)

From root khyā (ख्या) with prefixes prati (प्रति) and ā (आ). Formed with the -ya suffix.

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Expresses obligation or fitness.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvad

tvad - you (singular)

Note: Agent of the passive gerundive pratyākhyeyaḥ.

तात (tāta) - O dear one (a term of address, implying affection) (O dear one, O father, O child)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, child, dear one (term of affectionate address)

कुण्डलार्थे (kuṇḍalārthe) - for the sake of the earrings

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kuṇḍalārtha

kuṇḍalārtha - purpose of earrings, for the sake of earrings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuṇḍala+artha)

• kuṇḍala – earring, ring, coil
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Acts adverbially, meaning 'for the sake of the earrings'.

पुरन्दरः (purandaraḥ) - Indra (the chief of the gods) (Purandara (a name for Indra))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of purandara

purandara - Indra (breaker of cities), destroyer of strongholds

Compound: puraṃ-dara (puraṃ-dṛ) - one who splits/tears cities.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (pura+dara)

• pura – city, fortress
  noun (neuter)
• dara – splitting, breaking, tearing
  noun (masculine)
  From root dṛ (दृ) 'to tear, split'.
  Root: dṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive verb pratyākhyeyaḥ.