महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-26, verse-8

स चापि राजा सह लक्ष्मणेन वने निवासं पितुरेव शासनात् ।
धन्वी चरन्पार्थ पुरा मयैव दृष्टो गिरेरृष्यमूकस्य सानौ ॥८॥

8. sa cāpi rājā saha lakṣmaṇena; vane nivāsaṁ pitureva śāsanāt ,
dhanvī caranpārtha purā mayaiva; dṛṣṭo girerṛṣyamūkasya sānau.

8. saḥ ca api rājā saha lakṣmaṇena
vane nivāsam pituḥ eva śāsanāt
dhanvī caran pārtha purā mayā
eva dṛṣṭaḥ gireḥ ṛṣyamūkasya sānau

8. O Pārtha, that very King (Rāma), accompanied by Lakṣmaṇa, dwelling in the forest solely by his father's command, and equipped with a bow, was seen by me long ago on the peak of Mount Ṛṣyamūka.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to Rāma) (he, that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• राजा (rājā) - the King (Rāma) (king)

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• लक्ष्मणेन (lakṣmaṇena) - by Lakṣmaṇa, with Lakṣmaṇa

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• निवासम् (nivāsam) - dwelling, residence, abode

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (Daśaratha) (of the father)

• एव (eva) - solely, only (only, indeed, just)

• शासनात् (śāsanāt) - by his command (from the command, by the order)

• धन्वी (dhanvī) - equipped with a bow (archer, armed with a bow)

• चरन् (caran) - wandering (wandering, moving)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna) (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

• पुरा (purā) - long ago (formerly, in ancient times)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• एव (eva) - only, indeed (only, indeed, just)

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed

• गिरेः (gireḥ) - of the mountain

• ऋष्यमूकस्य (ṛṣyamūkasya) - of Mount Ṛṣyamūka (of Ṛṣyamūka)

• सानौ (sānau) - on the peak (on the peak, on the plateau)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to Rāma) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāma.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects with 'api'.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - the King (Rāma) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of the sentence (along with 'saḥ').

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Takes instrumental case ('lakṣmaṇena').

लक्ष्मणेन (lakṣmaṇena) - by Lakṣmaṇa, with Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (name of Rāma's brother)

Note: Used with 'saha'.

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood

Note: Place of dwelling.

निवासम् (nivāsam) - dwelling, residence, abode

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nivāsa

nivāsa - dwelling, residence

From ni-vas

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Object of implicit action 'doing/making dwelling'.

पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (Daśaratha) (of the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Possessive, modifies 'śāsanāt'.

एव (eva) - solely, only (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that it's 'only' by father's command.

शासनात् (śāsanāt) - by his command (from the command, by the order)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śāsana

śāsana - command, rule, instruction

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Indicates cause/reason.

धन्वी (dhanvī) - equipped with a bow (archer, armed with a bow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanvin

dhanvin - bowman, archer, furnished with a bow

From dhanus + -vin

Note: Qualifies 'rājā' (Rāma).

चरन् (caran) - wandering (wandering, moving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of carat

carat - moving, wandering

Present Active Participle

From root car

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājā' (Rāma).

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna) (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Arjuna)

Patronymic from Pṛthā

Note: Addressed to Arjuna.

पुरा (purā) - long ago (formerly, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'dṛṣṭaḥ'.

एव (eva) - only, indeed (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes "by me".

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed

Past Passive Participle

From root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājā' (Rāma).

गिरेः (gireḥ) - of the mountain

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

Root: gṛ

Note: Qualifies 'ṛṣyamūkasya'.

ऋष्यमूकस्य (ṛṣyamūkasya) - of Mount Ṛṣyamūka (of Ṛṣyamūka)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ṛṣyamūka

ṛṣyamūka - name of a mountain

Note: Name of the mountain.

सानौ (sānau) - on the peak (on the peak, on the plateau)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sānu

sānu - peak, ridge, plateau

Note: Location of seeing.