महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-26, verse-6

तं धर्मराजो विमना इवाब्रवीत्सर्वे ह्रिया सन्ति तपस्विनोऽमी ।
भवानिदं किं स्मयतीव हृष्टस्तपस्विनां पश्यतां मामुदीक्ष्य ॥६॥

6. taṁ dharmarājo vimanā ivābravī;tsarve hriyā santi tapasvino'mī ,
bhavānidaṁ kiṁ smayatīva hṛṣṭa;stapasvināṁ paśyatāṁ māmudīkṣya.

6. tam dharmarājaḥ vimanāḥ iva abravīt
sarve hriyā santi tapasvinaḥ
amī bhavān idam kim smayati iva
hṛṣṭaḥ tapasvinām paśyatām mām udīkṣya

6. Then, the King of righteousness (dharma), as if distressed, spoke to him: "All these ascetics are filled with shame. Why are you, looking at me, smiling as if pleased, while these ascetics watch?"

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - King of righteousness, referring to Yama (king of righteousness, king of justice, Yama)

• विमनाः (vimanāḥ) - dejected, dispirited, distressed

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• ह्रिया (hriyā) - by shame, with shame

• सन्ति (santi) - they are

• तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, hermits

• अमी (amī) - these

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

• इदम् (idam) - this situation (this)

• किम् (kim) - why (what, why, whether)

• स्मयति (smayati) - he smiles, he laughs

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - joyful, delighted, pleased

• तपस्विनाम् (tapasvinām) - of the ascetics

• पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - while these ascetics are watching (of those watching, while watching)

• माम् (mām) - me

• उदीक्ष्य (udīkṣya) - looking at (having seen, having looked at)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Mārkaṇḍeya.

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - King of righteousness, referring to Yama (king of righteousness, king of justice, Yama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, Yama

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, righteousness, virtue, duty (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

विमनाः (vimanāḥ) - dejected, dispirited, distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vimanasa

vimanasa - dejected, dispirited

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+manas)

• vi – away, apart, without
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, intellect, heart
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies Dharmarāja.

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

Note: Refers to 'tapasvinaḥ'.

ह्रिया (hriyā) - by shame, with shame

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of hrī

hrī - shame, modesty

सन्ति (santi) - they are

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, hermits

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, hermit

From tapas + -vin

अमी (amī) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adas

adas - that, this (far)

Note: Refers to 'tapasvinaḥ'.

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavant

bhavant - you (honorific), sir

present active participle

Root bhū, present participle

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to Mārkaṇḍeya.

इदम् (idam) - this situation (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to the current situation or plight.

किम् (kim) - why (what, why, whether)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: Used as an interrogative adverb here.

स्मयति (smayati) - he smiles, he laughs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of smi

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: In conjunction with 'iva'.

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - joyful, delighted, pleased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - rejoiced, delighted

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛṣ

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'bhavān'.

तपस्विनाम् (tapasvinām) - of the ascetics

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, hermit

From tapas + -vin

पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - while these ascetics are watching (of those watching, while watching)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, watching

Present Active Participle

From root dṛś (with paśyādeśa)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tapasvinām'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Object of 'udīkṣya'.

उदीक्ष्य (udīkṣya) - looking at (having seen, having looked at)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root īkṣ with upasarga ud

Prefix: ud

Root: īkṣ (class 1)