महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-143, verse-16

मन्दीभूते च पवने तस्मिन्रजसि शाम्यति ।
महद्भिः पृषतैस्तूर्णं वर्षमभ्याजगाम ह ॥१६॥

16. mandībhūte ca pavane tasminrajasi śāmyati ,
mahadbhiḥ pṛṣataistūrṇaṁ varṣamabhyājagāma ha.

16. mandībhūte ca pavane tasmin rajasi śāmyati
mahadbhiḥ pṛṣataiḥ tūrṇam varṣam abhyājagāma ha

16. And as the wind subsided and the dust settled, rain quickly arrived with large drops.

Words meanings summery:

• मन्दीभूते (mandībhūte) - (when the wind) had weakened (having become slow, having weakened, having grown dull)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पवने (pavane) - (when) the wind (had weakened) (in the wind, by the wind, of the wind)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (dust) (in that, to that, by that)

• रजसि (rajasi) - (when) the dust (was subsiding) (in the dust, in the pollen, in passion)

• शाम्यति (śāmyati) - (when the dust) was subsiding (subsiding, becoming quiet, ceasing)

• महद्द्भिः (mahaddbhiḥ) - by large (drops) (by large, by great (ones))

• पृषतैः (pṛṣataiḥ) - by (large) drops (of rain) (by drops, by speckled ones)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• वर्षम् (varṣam) - rain (as precipitation) (rain, year)

• अभ्याजगाम (abhyājagāma) - (the rain) came (came, approached)

• ह (ha) - indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, certainly, surely)

Words meanings and morphology

मन्दीभूते (mandībhūte) - (when the wind) had weakened (having become slow, having weakened, having grown dull)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mandībhūta

mandībhūta - become slow, weakened, dulled, slackened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from mandī-bhū (to become slow/dull)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies pavane.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Joins the two locative absolute clauses.

पवने (pavane) - (when) the wind (had weakened) (in the wind, by the wind, of the wind)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pavana

pavana - wind, air, purifier

Note: Subject of the locative absolute construction.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (dust) (in that, to that, by that)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies rajasi.

रजसि (rajasi) - (when) the dust (was subsiding) (in the dust, in the pollen, in passion)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, pollen, gloom, passion, element of activity (guna)

Note: Subject of the locative absolute construction.

शाम्यति (śāmyati) - (when the dust) was subsiding (subsiding, becoming quiet, ceasing)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of śāmyat

śāmyat - subsiding, becoming quiet, ceasing, calming

Present Active Participle

Derived from root śam (to calm, subside), Present Active Participle in locative singular

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Qualifies rajasi.

महद्द्भिः (mahaddbhiḥ) - by large (drops) (by large, by great (ones))

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, powerful

Note: Qualifies pṛṣataiḥ.

पृषतैः (pṛṣataiḥ) - by (large) drops (of rain) (by drops, by speckled ones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pṛṣata

pṛṣata - drop of water, speck, speckled

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Can also be seen as an adverbial accusative of tūrṇa (PPP of tvar)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Adverb modifying the verb 'abhyājagāma'.

वर्षम् (varṣam) - rain (as precipitation) (rain, year)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - rain, rainy season, year, cloud

Note: Subject of the main clause.

अभ्याजगाम (abhyājagāma) - (the rain) came (came, approached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of abhi-ā-gam

Perfect Active

Root gam (to go), Perfect 3rd person singular active, with upasargas abhi (towards) and ā (to, towards)

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed (emphatic particle) (indeed, certainly, surely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.