महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-127, verse-5

तं जातं मातरः सर्वाः परिवार्य समासते ।
सततं पृष्ठतः कृत्वा कामभोगान्विशां पते ॥५॥

5. taṁ jātaṁ mātaraḥ sarvāḥ parivārya samāsate ,
satataṁ pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā kāmabhogānviśāṁ pate.

5. tam jātam mātaraḥ sarvāḥ parivārya samāsate
satatam pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā kāmabhogān viśām pate

5. O lord of the people, all the mothers constantly surrounded that newborn child and sat with him, having set aside all worldly pleasures.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - the newborn child Jantu (him, that)

• जातम् (jātam) - the newborn child (born, produced)

• मातरः (mātaraḥ) - mothers

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, enclosing

• समासते (samāsate) - they sit around (the child) (they sit together, they sit around)

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly, always, perpetually

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - put behind, set aside (behind, from behind, backwards)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having put, having set (having done, having made)

• कामभोगान् (kāmabhogān) - worldly pleasures (enjoyments of desires, sensual pleasures)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - the newborn child Jantu (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Accusative singular masculine of tad

जातम् (jātam) - the newborn child (born, produced)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, occurred

Past Passive Participle

From √jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with tam

मातरः (mātaraḥ) - mothers

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with mātaraḥ

परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, enclosing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (lyabanta)

From √vṛ (to enclose, choose) with upasarga pari (around) and the suffix -ya (after a prefix)

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

समासते (samāsate) - they sit around (the child) (they sit together, they sit around)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (Laṭ) of ās

Present

From √ās (to sit) with upasarga sam (together), in the middle voice (ātmanepada).

Prefix: sam

Root: ās (class 2)

सततम् (satatam) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial accusative

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - put behind, set aside (behind, from behind, backwards)

(indeclinable)

Formed from pṛṣṭha (back) + suffix -tas

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having put, having set (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From √kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कामभोगान् (kāmabhogān) - worldly pleasures (enjoyments of desires, sensual pleasures)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kāmabhoga

kāmabhoga - enjoyment of desires, sensual pleasure

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāma+bhoga)

• kāma – desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure
  noun (masculine)
• bhoga – enjoyment, pleasure, possession
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, community

Note: Part of vocative compound viśāmpate

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, husband

Note: Forms a vocative compound with viśām (viśāmpate)