महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-108, verse-5

एतच्छ्रुत्वा वचो राजा शर्वेण समुदाहृतम् ।
प्रयतः प्रणतो भूत्वा गङ्गां समनुचिन्तयत् ॥५॥

5. etacchrutvā vaco rājā śarveṇa samudāhṛtam ,
prayataḥ praṇato bhūtvā gaṅgāṁ samanucintayat.

5. etat śrutvā vacaḥ rājā śarveṇa samudāhṛtam
prayataḥ praṇataḥ bhūtvā gaṅgām samanucihtayat

5. Upon hearing these words uttered by Sharva (Śarva), the king, becoming composed and reverent, meditated upon Ganga.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (word/speech) (this)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech, saying)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (Bhagiratha) (king)

• शर्वेण (śarveṇa) - by Sharva (Śarva) (by Sharva (a name of Shiva))

• समुदाहृतम् (samudāhṛtam) - uttered (spoken, uttered, declared)

• प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - composed (composed, restrained, attentive, pure)

• प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - reverent (bowed, reverent, humble)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become (having become, having been)

• गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - Ganga

• समनुचिह्तयत् (samanucihtayat) - he meditated upon (he contemplated, meditated upon, thought about)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (word/speech) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: refers to 'vacaḥ'

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

from root śru (5P) 'to hear', with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - the king (Bhagiratha) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

शर्वेण (śarveṇa) - by Sharva (Śarva) (by Sharva (a name of Shiva))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śarva

śarva - Sharva (a name of Śiva)

Root: śṛ (class 9)

समुदाहृतम् (samudāhṛtam) - uttered (spoken, uttered, declared)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samudāhṛta

samudāhṛta - spoken, uttered, declared

Past Passive Participle

from root hṛ (1P) 'to take, carry' with upasargas sam-ud-ā

Prefixes: sam+ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - composed (composed, restrained, attentive, pure)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayata

prayata - composed, restrained, attentive, pure

Past Passive Participle

from root yam (1P) 'to restrain, control' with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: modifies 'rājā'

प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - reverent (bowed, reverent, humble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praṇata

praṇata - bowed, reverent, humble

Past Passive Participle

from root nam (1P) 'to bow' with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: modifies 'rājā'

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become (having become, having been)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

from root bhū (1P) 'to be, to become', with suffix -tvā

Root: bhū (class 1)

गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - Ganga

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - Ganga (the river)

समनुचिह्तयत् (samanucihtayat) - he meditated upon (he contemplated, meditated upon, thought about)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of cint

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (Parasmaipada)

from root cit (10P) 'to perceive, to think', with upasargas sam-anu

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: cit (class 10)