महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-108, verse-13

दर्शयस्व महाराज मार्गं केन व्रजाम्यहम् ।
त्वदर्थमवतीर्णास्मि पृथिवीं पृथिवीपते ॥१३॥

13. darśayasva mahārāja mārgaṁ kena vrajāmyaham ,
tvadarthamavatīrṇāsmi pṛthivīṁ pṛthivīpate.

13. darśayasva mahārāja mārgam kena vrajāmi aham
tvat-artham avatīrṇā asmi pṛthivīm pṛthivīpate

13. O great king, show me the path by which I should proceed. O lord of the earth, I have descended to the earth for your sake.

Words meanings summery:

• दर्शयस्व (darśayasva) - show me (show, make visible)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• मार्गम् (mārgam) - path, way, road

• केन (kena) - by which, by what

• व्रजामि (vrajāmi) - I go, I proceed

• अहम् (aham) - I

• त्वत्-अर्थम् (tvat-artham) - for your sake, for you

• अवतीर्णा (avatīrṇā) - descended, alighted

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - to the earth

• पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O lord of the earth, O king

Words meanings and morphology

दर्शयस्व (darśayasva) - show me (show, make visible)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of darśaya

Causative verb stem

Causative stem of root dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Karmadharaya compound: 'mahā' (great) + 'rājan' (king).

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Bhagiratha.

मार्गम् (mārgam) - path, way, road

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, street

केन (kena) - by which, by what

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun)

व्रजामि (vrajāmi) - I go, I proceed

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vraj

Root: vraj (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

त्वत्-अर्थम् (tvat-artham) - for your sake, for you

(indeclinable)

Compound 'tvad' (your) + 'artha' (purpose/sake). Used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpurusha (tvad+artha)

• tvad – you, your (base form of yuşmad)
  pronoun
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to indicate purpose.

अवतीर्णा (avatīrṇā) - descended, alighted

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avatīrṇa

avatīrṇa - descended, alighted, crossed down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root tṛ (to cross) with prefix 'ava' (down).

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the speaker (Ganga).

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - to the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground

Note: Indicates the destination.

पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O lord of the earth, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pṛthivīpati

pṛthivīpati - lord of the earth, king

Tatpurusha compound: 'pṛthivī' (earth) + 'pati' (lord).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pṛthivī+pati)

• pṛthivī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Bhagiratha.