महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-108, verse-18

एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं गङ्गा त्रिपथगा यथा ।
पूरणार्थं समुद्रस्य पृथिवीमवतारिता ॥१८॥

18. etatte sarvamākhyātaṁ gaṅgā tripathagā yathā ,
pūraṇārthaṁ samudrasya pṛthivīmavatāritā.

18. etat te sarvam ākhyātam gaṅgā tripathagā yathā
pūraṇārtham samudrasya pṛthivīm avatāritā

18. All this has been recounted to you: how Gaṅgā, who flows in three paths, was brought down to the earth for the purpose of filling the ocean.

18. כל זה סופר לך, כיצד הורדה גַנְגָה, הזורמת בשלוש דרכים, אל הארץ כדי למלא את הים,

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this, this matter

• ते (te) - to you

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

• आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - has been recounted, explained

• गङ्गा (gaṅgā) - Gaṅgā

• त्रिपथगा (tripathagā) - flowing in three paths

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

• पूरणार्थम् (pūraṇārtham) - for the purpose of filling

• समुद्रस्य (samudrasya) - of the ocean

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - to the earth

• अवतारिता (avatāritā) - brought down, descended

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this, this matter

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that, such

ते (te) - to you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, entire

आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - has been recounted, explained

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākhyāta

ākhyāta - told, narrated, explained, spoken

Past Passive Participle

From root khyā with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

गङ्गा (gaṅgā) - Gaṅgā

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - the Gaṅgā river

त्रिपथगा (tripathagā) - flowing in three paths

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tripathaga

tripathaga - flowing in three ways (heaven, earth, underworld), tripartite path

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+patha+ga)

• tri – three
  numeral
• patha – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving, traversing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/suffix
  From root gam (to go) as a suffix
  Root: gam (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

पूरणार्थम् (pūraṇārtham) - for the purpose of filling

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūraṇārtha

pūraṇārtha - for the purpose of filling, for fulfilling

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūraṇa+artha)

• pūraṇa – filling, fulfilling
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From root pūr (to fill)
  Root: pūr (class 10)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to denote purpose.

समुद्रस्य (samudrasya) - of the ocean

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - to the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, land

अवतारिता (avatāritā) - brought down, descended

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avatārita

avatārita - brought down, caused to descend

Past Passive Participle (causative)

P.P.P. of the causative of ava-tṛ (to cross down, descend)

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to Gaṅgā.

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