महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-108, verse-19

समुद्रश्च यथा पीतः कारणार्थे महात्मना ।
वातापिश्च यथा नीतः क्षयं स ब्रह्महा प्रभो ।
अगस्त्येन महाराज यन्मां त्वं परिपृच्छसि ॥१९॥

19. samudraśca yathā pītaḥ kāraṇārthe mahātmanā ,
vātāpiśca yathā nītaḥ kṣayaṁ sa brahmahā prabho ,
agastyena mahārāja yanmāṁ tvaṁ paripṛcchasi.

19. samudraḥ ca yathā pītaḥ kāraṇārthe
mahātmanā vātāpiḥ ca yathā nītaḥ
kṣayam sa brahmahā prabho agastyena
mahārāja yat mām tvam paripṛcchasi

19. O Lord, O great king, you ask me how the ocean was drunk by the great soul (mahātman) Agastya for a certain purpose, and how that killer of brahmins, Vātāpi, was brought to destruction by Agastya.

Words meanings summery:

• समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - ocean, sea

• च (ca) - and, also

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

• पीतः (pītaḥ) - drunk

• कारणार्थे (kāraṇārthe) - for a reason, for a purpose

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great sage Agastya (by the great soul)

• वातापिः (vātāpiḥ) - Vātāpi (name of a demon)

• च (ca) - and, also

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

• नीतः (nītaḥ) - led, brought

• क्षयम् (kṣayam) - to destruction, to an end

• स (sa) - that, he

• ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - Vātāpi, the killer of brahmins (killer of brahmins)

• प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord (Rāma)! (O Lord!)

• अगस्त्येन (agastyena) - by Agastya

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Rāma)! (O great king!)

• यत् (yat) - that which, which

• माम् (mām) - me

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• परिपृच्छसि (paripṛcchasi) - you ask, you inquire

Words meanings and morphology

समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea, confluence of rivers

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

पीतः (pītaḥ) - drunk

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pīta

pīta - drunk, imbibed

Past Passive Participle

From root pā (to drink)

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Refers to samudrah.

कारणार्थे (kāraṇārthe) - for a reason, for a purpose

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāraṇārtha

kāraṇārtha - for a cause, for a purpose, on account of

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāraṇa+artha)

• kāraṇa – cause, reason, motive
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From root kṛ (to do) with suffix ana
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object
  noun (masculine)

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great sage Agastya (by the great soul)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, a great person (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Agastya.

वातापिः (vātāpiḥ) - Vātāpi (name of a demon)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vātāpi

vātāpi - Vātāpi (name of a demon killed by Agastya)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

नीतः (nītaḥ) - led, brought

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nīta

nīta - led, carried, brought, guided

Past Passive Participle

From root nī (to lead, carry)

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Refers to Vātāpi.

क्षयम् (kṣayam) - to destruction, to an end

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, decay, end, loss, dwelling

From root kṣi (to destroy, diminish)

Root: kṣi (class 5)

स (sa) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Vātāpi.

ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - Vātāpi, the killer of brahmins (killer of brahmins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmahan

brahmahan - killer of a brahmin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+han)

• brahman – brahmin, sacred word, the Absolute (brahman)
  noun (masculine)
• han – killer, striker
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to Vātāpi, who was notorious for killing brahmins after transforming them into a ram and then eating them.

प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord (Rāma)! (O Lord!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, mighty, powerful

Note: Addressed to Rama.

अगस्त्येन (agastyena) - by Agastya

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of agastya

agastya - Agastya (name of a revered sage)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Rāma)! (O great king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Rama.

यत् (yat) - that which, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, us

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

परिपृच्छसि (paripṛcchasi) - you ask, you inquire

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of paripṛcch

From root prach with upasarga pari

Prefix: pari

Root: prach (class 6)