महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-108, verse-19

समुद्रश्च यथा पीतः कारणार्थे महात्मना ।
वातापिश्च यथा नीतः क्षयं स ब्रह्महा प्रभो ।
अगस्त्येन महाराज यन्मां त्वं परिपृच्छसि ॥१९॥

19. samudraśca yathā pītaḥ kāraṇārthe mahātmanā ,
vātāpiśca yathā nītaḥ kṣayaṁ sa brahmahā prabho ,
agastyena mahārāja yanmāṁ tvaṁ paripṛcchasi.

19. samudraḥ ca yathā pītaḥ kāraṇārthe
mahātmanā vātāpiḥ ca yathā nītaḥ
kṣayam sa brahmahā prabho agastyena
mahārāja yat mām tvam paripṛcchasi

19. O Lord, O great king, you ask me how the ocean was drunk by the great soul (mahātman) Agastya for a certain purpose, and how that killer of brahmins, Vātāpi, was brought to destruction by Agastya.

19. וכיצד נשתה הים בידי הנעלה למען מטרה מסוימת, וכיצד הובא וָאטָאפִּי, רוצח הבְּרַהְמִינים, אל כיליונו בידי אַגַסְטְיַה, הו מלך גדול, וכל זאת על מה ששאלת אותי.

Words meanings summery:

• समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - ocean, sea

• च (ca) - and, also

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

• पीतः (pītaḥ) - drunk

• कारणार्थे (kāraṇārthe) - for a reason, for a purpose

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great sage Agastya (by the great soul)

• वातापिः (vātāpiḥ) - Vātāpi (name of a demon)

• च (ca) - and, also

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

• नीतः (nītaḥ) - led, brought

• क्षयम् (kṣayam) - to destruction, to an end

• स (sa) - that, he

• ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - Vātāpi, the killer of brahmins (killer of brahmins)

• प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord (Rāma)! (O Lord!)

• अगस्त्येन (agastyena) - by Agastya

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Rāma)! (O great king!)

• यत् (yat) - that which, which

• माम् (mām) - me

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• परिपृच्छसि (paripṛcchasi) - you ask, you inquire

Words meanings and morphology

समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea, confluence of rivers

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

पीतः (pītaḥ) - drunk

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pīta

pīta - drunk, imbibed

Past Passive Participle

From root pā (to drink)

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Refers to samudrah.

कारणार्थे (kāraṇārthe) - for a reason, for a purpose

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāraṇārtha

kāraṇārtha - for a cause, for a purpose, on account of

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāraṇa+artha)

• kāraṇa – cause, reason, motive
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From root kṛ (to do) with suffix ana
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object
  noun (masculine)

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great sage Agastya (by the great soul)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, a great person (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Agastya.

वातापिः (vātāpiḥ) - Vātāpi (name of a demon)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vātāpi

vātāpi - Vātāpi (name of a demon killed by Agastya)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

नीतः (nītaḥ) - led, brought

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nīta

nīta - led, carried, brought, guided

Past Passive Participle

From root nī (to lead, carry)

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Refers to Vātāpi.

क्षयम् (kṣayam) - to destruction, to an end

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, decay, end, loss, dwelling

From root kṣi (to destroy, diminish)

Root: kṣi (class 5)

स (sa) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Vātāpi.

ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - Vātāpi, the killer of brahmins (killer of brahmins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmahan

brahmahan - killer of a brahmin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+han)

• brahman – brahmin, sacred word, the Absolute (brahman)
  noun (masculine)
• han – killer, striker
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to Vātāpi, who was notorious for killing brahmins after transforming them into a ram and then eating them.

प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord (Rāma)! (O Lord!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, mighty, powerful

Note: Addressed to Rama.

अगस्त्येन (agastyena) - by Agastya

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of agastya

agastya - Agastya (name of a revered sage)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Rāma)! (O great king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Rama.

यत् (yat) - that which, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, us

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

परिपृच्छसि (paripṛcchasi) - you ask, you inquire

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of paripṛcch

From root prach with upasarga pari

Prefix: pari

Root: prach (class 6)

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