महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-6, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
संपूज्याथाभ्यनुज्ञातो महर्षेर्वचनात्परम् ।
प्रत्युवाचानुपूर्व्येण धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
saṁpūjyāthābhyanujñāto maharṣervacanātparam ,
pratyuvācānupūrvyeṇa dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca saṃpūjya atha abhyanujñātaḥ maharṣeḥ
vacanāt param pratyuvāca ānupūrvyena dharmarājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Having paid due respect and then received permission, after the great sage (maharṣi) had concluded his words, Yudhiṣṭhira, the king of righteousness (dharmarāja), replied in due order.

1. וַישַׁמְפָּאיַנַה אמר, לאחר שכיבד את החוזה הגדול וקיבל ממנו רשות, ענה יוּדְהִישְׁתְהִירַה, מלך היושר, לפי הסדר, בעקבות דבריו.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• संपूज्य (saṁpūjya) - having honored, having worshipped, having revered

• अथ (atha) - then, thereafter, next, moreover

• अभ्यनुज्ञातः (abhyanujñātaḥ) - permitted, allowed, sanctioned, given leave

• महर्षेः (maharṣeḥ) - of the great sage

• वचनात् (vacanāt) - after the words (speech) of the sage (from the word, from the speech, after the utterance)

• परम् (param) - after, beyond, subsequently

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied, he answered

• आनुपूर्व्येन (ānupūrvyena) - in due order, sequentially, according to sequence

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - King Yudhiṣṭhira, known as Dharmarāja (king of righteousness, king of dharma)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a prominent sage, disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata to King Janamejaya)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice (parasmaipada)

Root: vac (class 2)

संपूज्य (saṁpūjya) - having honored, having worshipped, having revered

(indeclinable)

absolutive (lyap)

Absolutive (gerund) form from root 'pūj' with prefix 'sam'. The '-ya' ending indicates a prefixed absolutive.

Prefix: sam

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Indicates a prior action by Yudhiṣṭhira.

अथ (atha) - then, thereafter, next, moreover

(indeclinable)

अभ्यनुज्ञातः (abhyanujñātaḥ) - permitted, allowed, sanctioned, given leave

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyanujñāta

abhyanujñāta - permitted, allowed, sanctioned, given leave

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from root 'jñā' with prefixes 'abhi' and 'anu'.

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmarājaḥ Yudhiṣṭhiraḥ'.

महर्षेः (maharṣeḥ) - of the great sage

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, eminent seer, venerated ascetic

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty, eminent
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet, ascetic
  noun (masculine)

Note: Genitive modifying 'vacanāt'.

वचनात् (vacanāt) - after the words (speech) of the sage (from the word, from the speech, after the utterance)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, declaration, utterance

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak) with suffix '-ana'.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Indicates the source or temporal point ('after').

परम् (param) - after, beyond, subsequently

(indeclinable)

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied, he answered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prativac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice (parasmaipada), from prefix 'prati-' and root 'vac'.

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The main verb of Yudhiṣṭhira's action.

आनुपूर्व्येन (ānupūrvyena) - in due order, sequentially, according to sequence

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ānupūrvya

ānupūrvya - regular order, succession, sequence, proper arrangement

Derived from the adjective 'anupūrva' with abstract noun suffix '-ya'.

Note: Adverbial instrumental, meaning 'in due order' or 'sequentially'.

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - King Yudhiṣṭhira, known as Dharmarāja (king of righteousness, king of dharma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, king of natural law (dharma), a title for Yudhiṣṭhira, or Yama (god of death)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'pratyuvāca'.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira ('firm in battle'), eldest of the Pāṇḍavas, a virtuous king

Compound type : aluk tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of 'yudh' (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady, stable, resolute
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Co-referential with 'dharmarājaḥ'.

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