महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-55, verse-5

सोऽयं मत्तोऽक्षदेवेन मधुवन्न परीक्षते ।
प्रपातं बुध्यते नैव वैरं कृत्वा महारथैः ॥५॥

5. so'yaṁ matto'kṣadevena madhuvanna parīkṣate ,
prapātaṁ budhyate naiva vairaṁ kṛtvā mahārathaiḥ.

5. saḥ ayaṃ mattaḥ akṣadevena madhuvat na parīkṣate
prapātaṃ budhyate na eva vairaṃ kṛtvā mahārathaiḥ

5. This person, intoxicated by gambling, does not assess the situation like a honey-gatherer. He certainly does not perceive the precipice, having created enmity with great warriors.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अयं (ayaṁ) - this

• मत्तः (mattaḥ) - intoxicated, infatuated, mad

• अक्षदेवेन (akṣadevena) - by the dice, by gambling

• मधुवत् (madhuvat) - like honey, like a honey-gatherer

• न (na) - not

• परीक्षते (parīkṣate) - examines, investigates, judges

• प्रपातं (prapātaṁ) - precipice, fall, abyss

• बुध्यते (budhyate) - perceives, understands, knows

• न (na) - not

• एव (eva) - certainly, indeed, only

• वैरं (vairaṁ) - enmity, hostility

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having created

• महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - with great warriors, by great charioteers

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अयं (ayaṁ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

मत्तः (mattaḥ) - intoxicated, infatuated, mad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matta

matta - intoxicated, mad, excited, infatuated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'mad' (to be joyful, to be intoxicated)

Root: mad (class 4)

अक्षदेवेन (akṣadevena) - by the dice, by gambling

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of akṣadeva

akṣadeva - gambling, play with dice

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (akṣa+deva)

• akṣa – die, dice, game-die
  noun (masculine)
• deva – play, sport, game
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)

मधुवत् (madhuvat) - like honey, like a honey-gatherer

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'madhu' with the suffix -vat, indicating similarity

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

परीक्षते (parīkṣate) - examines, investigates, judges

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of parīkṣ

Prefix: pari

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

प्रपातं (prapātaṁ) - precipice, fall, abyss

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prapāta

prapāta - precipice, steep descent, fall, abyss

Prefix: pra

Root: pat (class 1)

बुध्यते (budhyate) - perceives, understands, knows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of budh

Root: budh (class 4)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - certainly, indeed, only

(indeclinable)

वैरं (vairaṁ) - enmity, hostility

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vaira

vaira - enmity, hostility, hatred

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having created

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - with great warriors, by great charioteers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, great charioteer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)