महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-55, verse-3

गृहे वसन्तं गोमायुं त्वं वै मत्वा न बुध्यसे ।
दुर्योधनस्य रूपेण शृणु काव्यां गिरं मम ॥३॥

3. gṛhe vasantaṁ gomāyuṁ tvaṁ vai matvā na budhyase ,
duryodhanasya rūpeṇa śṛṇu kāvyāṁ giraṁ mama.

3. gṛhe vasantam gomāyum tvam vai matvā na budhyase
duryodhanasya rūpeṇa śṛṇu kāvyām giram mama

3. Indeed, you do not truly comprehend, despite recognizing the jackal dwelling within your house, manifest in the form of Duryodhana. Therefore, listen to my wise counsel (kāvyaṃ giraṃ mama).

Words meanings summery:

• गृहे (gṛhe) - Refers to Dhritarashtra's own palace, where Duryodhana resides. (in the house, at home)

• वसन्तम् (vasantam) - Describes the jackal (metaphorically Duryodhana) as living in the king's house. (dwelling, residing, living)

• गोमायुम् (gomāyum) - Metaphorically refers to Duryodhana, whose ominous birth cry was like that of a jackal (from previous verse). (a jackal (accusative))

• त्वम् (tvam) - Refers to Dhritarashtra. (you (nominative))

• वै (vai) - Emphatic particle, highlighting the king's lack of understanding. (indeed, certainly, surely)

• मत्वा (matvā) - Dhritarashtra acknowledges the presence of the "jackal" but fails to grasp its deeper significance. (having thought, having considered, having known)

• न (na) - Negates the king's understanding. (not)

• बुध्यसे (budhyase) - Dhritarashtra fails to understand the true nature and danger of Duryodhana. (you understand, you perceive, you know)

• दुर्योधनस्य (duryodhanasya) - Possessive case, indicating that the form or guise belongs to Duryodhana. (of Duryodhana)

• रूपेण (rūpeṇa) - Indicates that Duryodhana is the embodiment of the jackal-like nature and behavior. (by form, in the form of, in the guise of)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - Vidura commands the king to listen to his counsel. (listen, hear)

• काव्याम् (kāvyām) - Refers to Vidura's profound and sagacious advice. (poetic, wise, excellent)

• गिरम् (giram) - Refers to Vidura's advice and warnings to Dhritarashtra. (speech, word, voice, counsel)

• मम (mama) - Refers to Vidura's own words. (my, of me)

Words meanings and morphology

गृहे (gṛhe) - Refers to Dhritarashtra's own palace, where Duryodhana resides. (in the house, at home)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling, family

Root: gṛh (class 1)

वसन्तम् (vasantam) - Describes the jackal (metaphorically Duryodhana) as living in the king's house. (dwelling, residing, living)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vasat

vasat - dwelling, residing, living

Present Active Participle

From √vas (to dwell, live).

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'gomāyum'.

गोमायुम् (gomāyum) - Metaphorically refers to Duryodhana, whose ominous birth cry was like that of a jackal (from previous verse). (a jackal (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gomāyu

gomāyu - jackal, fox, wolf

Note: Object of 'matvā'.

त्वम् (tvam) - Refers to Dhritarashtra. (you (nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Nominative singular of yuṣmad.

Note: Subject of 'na budhyase'.

वै (vai) - Emphatic particle, highlighting the king's lack of understanding. (indeed, certainly, surely)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

मत्वा (matvā) - Dhritarashtra acknowledges the presence of the "jackal" but fails to grasp its deeper significance. (having thought, having considered, having known)

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

From √man (to think, perceive) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: man (class 4)

न (na) - Negates the king's understanding. (not)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

बुध्यसे (budhyase) - Dhritarashtra fails to understand the true nature and danger of Duryodhana. (you understand, you perceive, you know)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of budh

Second person singular, present tense, middle voice of √budh (to know, understand).

Root: budh (class 1)

दुर्योधनस्य (duryodhanasya) - Possessive case, indicating that the form or guise belongs to Duryodhana. (of Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - difficult to conquer or fight; Name of the eldest Kaurava.

Compound of dur (difficult) and yodhana (fighting).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  From √yudh (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'rūpeṇa'.

रूपेण (rūpeṇa) - Indicates that Duryodhana is the embodiment of the jackal-like nature and behavior. (by form, in the form of, in the guise of)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty, image

शृणु (śṛṇu) - Vidura commands the king to listen to his counsel. (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Second person singular, imperative mood, active voice of √śru (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

काव्याम् (kāvyām) - Refers to Vidura's profound and sagacious advice. (poetic, wise, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kāvya

kāvya - poetic, wise, eloquent, a poem, wisdom, counsel

Derived from kavi (poet, wise man).

गिरम् (giram) - Refers to Vidura's advice and warnings to Dhritarashtra. (speech, word, voice, counsel)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gir

gir - speech, word, voice, song, counsel

From √gṛ (to call, invoke).

Root: gṛ (class 6)

Note: Object of 'śṛṇu'.

मम (mama) - Refers to Vidura's own words. (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (pronoun)

Genitive singular of asmad.