महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-55, verse-13

सदोपभोज्याँल्लोभान्धो हिरण्यार्थे परंतप ।
आयतिं च तदात्वं च उभे सद्यो व्यनाशयत् ॥१३॥

13. sadopabhojyāँllobhāndho hiraṇyārthe paraṁtapa ,
āyatiṁ ca tadātvaṁ ca ubhe sadyo vyanāśayat.

13. sadopabhojyān lobhāndhaḥ hiraṇyārthe paraṃtapa
āyatim ca tadātvam ca ubhe sadyaḥ vyanāśayat

13. O tormentor of foes (paraṃtapa), blinded by greed for gold, that man instantly destroyed both his present prosperity and future prospects, which were perpetually available for his enjoyment.

13. הוא היה עיוור מחמדנות ורצה ליהנות מהן תמיד למען הזהב, הו מכלה אויבים, וכך איבד מיד גם את העתיד וגם את ההווה.

Words meanings summery:

• सदोपभोज्यान् (sadopabhojyān) - referring to the gains/benefits from the birds (always enjoyable, perpetually to be utilized/consumed)

• लोभान्धः (lobhāndhaḥ) - blinded by greed, darkened by covetousness

• हिरण्यार्थे (hiraṇyārthe) - for the sake of gold, for gold

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - Address for Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

• आयतिम् (āyatim) - future prospects/gains (future, consequence, prosperity)

• च (ca) - and

• तदात्वम् (tadātvam) - present prosperity/gains (present, present state, immediate consequence)

• च (ca) - and

• उभे (ubhe) - both

• सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, instantly, at once

• व्यनाशयत् (vyanāśayat) - he destroyed

Words meanings and morphology

सदोपभोज्यान् (sadopabhojyān) - referring to the gains/benefits from the birds (always enjoyable, perpetually to be utilized/consumed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sadopabhojya

sadopabhojya - always to be enjoyed/utilized

Gerundive

`sadā` (always) + `upabhojya` (gerundive of `upabhuj`, 'to enjoy/use')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sadā+upabhojya)

• sadā – always, ever
  indeclinable
• upabhojya – to be enjoyed, to be used, useful
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root `bhuj-` (to enjoy, eat) with `upasarga upa-`
  Prefix: upa
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies implied "gains" or refers to `āyatim ca tadātvam ca` collectively as 'things to be enjoyed'.

लोभान्धः (lobhāndhaḥ) - blinded by greed, darkened by covetousness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lobhāndha

lobhāndha - blinded by greed

Compound `lobhena andhaḥ` (blind by greed) or `lobhena andhaḥ yasya saḥ` (whose blindness is by greed). Functions as an adjective.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (lobha+andha)

• lobha – greed, covetousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lubh (class 4)
• andha – blind
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Subject attribute, refers to the greedy man.

हिरण्यार्थे (hiraṇyārthe) - for the sake of gold, for gold

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hiraṇyārtha

hiraṇyārtha - for the sake of gold

`Tatpuruṣa` compound `hiraṇyasya arthaḥ`. Used adverbially in locative.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hiraṇya+artha)

• hiraṇya – gold
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage.

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - Address for Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

Compound `paraṃ` (enemies, acc. pl.) + `tapa` (causing pain, burning). Functions as an `Aluk Tatpuruṣa`.

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – other, enemy
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – burning, afflicting, causing pain
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root `tap-` (to burn, to torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: A common epithet for kings/warriors.

आयतिम् (āyatim) - future prospects/gains (future, consequence, prosperity)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āyati

āyati - future, coming, consequence, prosperity

Derived from `ā-` + `yam-` (to go, to approach)

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vyanāśayat'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

तदात्वम् (tadātvam) - present prosperity/gains (present, present state, immediate consequence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tadātva

tadātva - present time, present state, immediate consequence

Derived from `tadā` (then) + `tva` (suffix forming abstract nouns)

Note: Object of 'vyanāśayat'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

उभे (ubhe) - both

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Dual form of a pronominal adjective.

Note: Refers to `āyatim` and `tadātvam`.

सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, instantly, at once

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

Note: Adverb of time.

व्यनाशयत् (vyanāśayat) - he destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vināśay

Causative

Causative stem from root `naś` (to perish) with `upasarga vi-`.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Refers to the greedy man.

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