महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-55, verse-13

सदोपभोज्याँल्लोभान्धो हिरण्यार्थे परंतप ।
आयतिं च तदात्वं च उभे सद्यो व्यनाशयत् ॥१३॥

13. sadopabhojyāँllobhāndho hiraṇyārthe paraṁtapa ,
āyatiṁ ca tadātvaṁ ca ubhe sadyo vyanāśayat.

13. sadopabhojyān lobhāndhaḥ hiraṇyārthe paraṃtapa
āyatim ca tadātvam ca ubhe sadyaḥ vyanāśayat

13. O tormentor of foes (paraṃtapa), blinded by greed for gold, that man instantly destroyed both his present prosperity and future prospects, which were perpetually available for his enjoyment.

Words meanings summery:

• सदोपभोज्यान् (sadopabhojyān) - referring to the gains/benefits from the birds (always enjoyable, perpetually to be utilized/consumed)

• लोभान्धः (lobhāndhaḥ) - blinded by greed, darkened by covetousness

• हिरण्यार्थे (hiraṇyārthe) - for the sake of gold, for gold

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - Address for Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

• आयतिम् (āyatim) - future prospects/gains (future, consequence, prosperity)

• च (ca) - and

• तदात्वम् (tadātvam) - present prosperity/gains (present, present state, immediate consequence)

• च (ca) - and

• उभे (ubhe) - both

• सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, instantly, at once

• व्यनाशयत् (vyanāśayat) - he destroyed

Words meanings and morphology

सदोपभोज्यान् (sadopabhojyān) - referring to the gains/benefits from the birds (always enjoyable, perpetually to be utilized/consumed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sadopabhojya

sadopabhojya - always to be enjoyed/utilized

Gerundive

`sadā` (always) + `upabhojya` (gerundive of `upabhuj`, 'to enjoy/use')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sadā+upabhojya)

• sadā – always, ever
  indeclinable
• upabhojya – to be enjoyed, to be used, useful
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root `bhuj-` (to enjoy, eat) with `upasarga upa-`
  Prefix: upa
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies implied "gains" or refers to `āyatim ca tadātvam ca` collectively as 'things to be enjoyed'.

लोभान्धः (lobhāndhaḥ) - blinded by greed, darkened by covetousness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lobhāndha

lobhāndha - blinded by greed

Compound `lobhena andhaḥ` (blind by greed) or `lobhena andhaḥ yasya saḥ` (whose blindness is by greed). Functions as an adjective.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (lobha+andha)

• lobha – greed, covetousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lubh (class 4)
• andha – blind
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Subject attribute, refers to the greedy man.

हिरण्यार्थे (hiraṇyārthe) - for the sake of gold, for gold

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hiraṇyārtha

hiraṇyārtha - for the sake of gold

`Tatpuruṣa` compound `hiraṇyasya arthaḥ`. Used adverbially in locative.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hiraṇya+artha)

• hiraṇya – gold
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage.

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - Address for Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

Compound `paraṃ` (enemies, acc. pl.) + `tapa` (causing pain, burning). Functions as an `Aluk Tatpuruṣa`.

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – other, enemy
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – burning, afflicting, causing pain
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root `tap-` (to burn, to torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: A common epithet for kings/warriors.

आयतिम् (āyatim) - future prospects/gains (future, consequence, prosperity)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āyati

āyati - future, coming, consequence, prosperity

Derived from `ā-` + `yam-` (to go, to approach)

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vyanāśayat'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

तदात्वम् (tadātvam) - present prosperity/gains (present, present state, immediate consequence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tadātva

tadātva - present time, present state, immediate consequence

Derived from `tadā` (then) + `tva` (suffix forming abstract nouns)

Note: Object of 'vyanāśayat'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

उभे (ubhe) - both

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Dual form of a pronominal adjective.

Note: Refers to `āyatim` and `tadātvam`.

सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, instantly, at once

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

Note: Adverb of time.

व्यनाशयत् (vyanāśayat) - he destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vināśay

Causative

Causative stem from root `naś` (to perish) with `upasarga vi-`.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Refers to the greedy man.