महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-55, verse-4

मधु वै माध्विको लब्ध्वा प्रपातं नावबुध्यते ।
आरुह्य तं मज्जति वा पतनं वाधिगच्छति ॥४॥

4. madhu vai mādhviko labdhvā prapātaṁ nāvabudhyate ,
āruhya taṁ majjati vā patanaṁ vādhigacchati.

4. madhu vai mādhvikaḥ labdhvā prapātaṃ na avabudhyate
āruhya taṃ majjati vā patanaṃ vā adhigacchati

4. Indeed, a honey-gatherer, having obtained honey, does not perceive the precipice. After climbing it, he either falls into the water or experiences a fall.

Words meanings summery:

• मधु (madhu) - honey, sweet drink

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• माध्विकः (mādhvikaḥ) - honey-gatherer, one who collects honey

• लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having obtained, having found

• प्रपातं (prapātaṁ) - precipice, fall, abyss

• न (na) - not

• अवबुध्यते (avabudhyate) - realizes, perceives, understands

• आरुह्य (āruhya) - having climbed, having ascended

• तं (taṁ) - it, that (referring to the precipice)

• मज्जति (majjati) - drowns, sinks, plunges

• वा (vā) - or

• पतनं (patanaṁ) - a fall, falling

• वा (vā) - or

• अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - obtains, reaches, meets, experiences

Words meanings and morphology

मधु (madhu) - honey, sweet drink

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhu

madhu - honey, sweetness, a sweet drink

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

माध्विकः (mādhvikaḥ) - honey-gatherer, one who collects honey

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mādhvika

mādhvika - honey-gatherer, one who collects honey

Derived from 'madhu' (honey) with the suffix -ika, meaning 'one who deals with/collects'

लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having obtained, having found

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: labh (class 1)

प्रपातं (prapātaṁ) - precipice, fall, abyss

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prapāta

prapāta - precipice, steep descent, fall, abyss

Prefix: pra

Root: pat (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अवबुध्यते (avabudhyate) - realizes, perceives, understands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of avabudh

Prefix: ava

Root: budh (class 4)

आरुह्य (āruhya) - having climbed, having ascended

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -ya after prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

तं (taṁ) - it, that (referring to the precipice)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Agrees with 'prapātaṃ' (masculine accusative singular).

मज्जति (majjati) - drowns, sinks, plunges

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of majj

Root: majj (class 6)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

पतनं (patanaṁ) - a fall, falling

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of patana

patana - falling, fall, descent

nominalization

Derived from root 'pat' with suffix -ana

Root: pat (class 1)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - obtains, reaches, meets, experiences

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of adhigam

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)