महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-55, verse-12

हिरण्यष्ठीविनः कश्चित्पक्षिणो वनगोचरान् ।
गृहे किल कृतावासाँल्लोभाद्राजन्नपीडयत् ॥१२॥

12. hiraṇyaṣṭhīvinaḥ kaścitpakṣiṇo vanagocarān ,
gṛhe kila kṛtāvāsāँllobhādrājannapīḍayat.

12. hiraṇyaṣṭhīvinaḥ kaścit pakṣiṇaḥ vanagocarān
gṛhe kila kṛtāvāsān lobhāt rājan apīḍayat

12. O king, it is said that a certain greedy man oppressed some gold-spitting birds that frequented the forest but had made their dwelling in his house.

Words meanings summery:

• हिरण्यष्ठीविनः (hiraṇyaṣṭhīvinaḥ) - gold-spitting, gold-producing

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - a certain, some, someone

• पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds

• वनगोचरान् (vanagocarān) - forest-dwelling, moving in the forest

• गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house, at home

• किल (kila) - indeed, it is said, verily, truly

• कृतावासान् (kṛtāvāsān) - having made their dwelling, who had built a home

• लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed, out of greed

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• अपीडयत् (apīḍayat) - he oppressed, he tormented, he harassed

Words meanings and morphology

हिरण्यष्ठीविनः (hiraṇyaṣṭhīvinaḥ) - gold-spitting, gold-producing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hiraṇyaṣṭhīvin

hiraṇyaṣṭhīvin - gold-spitting, gold-producing

`n`-stem adjective derived from `hiraṇya` (gold) and `ṣṭhīvin` (spitting)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hiraṇya+ṣṭhīvin)

• hiraṇya – gold
  noun (neuter)
• ṣṭhīvin – spitting, spitter
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root `ṣṭhīv-` (to spit)
  Root: ṣṭhīv (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pakṣiṇaḥ'.

कश्चित् (kaścit) - a certain, some, someone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit

kaścit - someone, a certain (one)

`cid` particle appended to `kim` (interrogative pronoun) to form indefinite pronoun

Note: Refers to the implied subject of 'apīḍayat'.

पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pakṣin

pakṣin - bird, winged creature

Note: Object of 'apīḍayat'.

वनगोचरान् (vanagocarān) - forest-dwelling, moving in the forest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vanagocara

vanagocara - forest-dwelling, moving in the forest, forest-ranger

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+gocara)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• gocara – moving, frequenting, range, scope
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `car-` (to move) with prefix `go-` (as in cattle-range, or general range/sphere)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pakṣiṇaḥ'.

गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house, at home

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

किल (kila) - indeed, it is said, verily, truly

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating hearsay or emphasis.

कृतावासान् (kṛtāvāsān) - having made their dwelling, who had built a home

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṛtāvāsa

kṛtāvāsa - having made a dwelling, one whose dwelling is made

`Bahuvrihi` compound of `kṛta` (made) and `āvāsa` (dwelling). Means "whose dwelling is made".

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+āvāsa)

• kṛta – made, done
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `kṛ-` (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• āvāsa – dwelling, residence, home
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `vas-` (to dwell) with prefix `ā-`
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pakṣiṇaḥ'.

लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed, out of greed

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, covetousness, desire

Root: lubh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the cause of the action 'apīḍayat'.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

`n`-stem noun

Note: Addressing the listener (Dhṛtarāṣṭra).

अपीडयत् (apīḍayat) - he oppressed, he tormented, he harassed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pīḍay

Causative

Causative stem from root `pīḍ` (to suffer, to be pressed)

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: The `a-` is the augment for past tenses.