महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-2, verse-5

अर्थ्यं तथ्यं हितं वाक्यं लघु युक्तमनुत्तमम् ।
उवाच भगवान्भद्रां सुभद्रां भद्रभाषिणीम् ॥५॥

5. arthyaṁ tathyaṁ hitaṁ vākyaṁ laghu yuktamanuttamam ,
uvāca bhagavānbhadrāṁ subhadrāṁ bhadrabhāṣiṇīm.

5. arthyam tathyām hitam vākyam laghu yuktam anuttamam
| uvāca bhagavān bhadrām subhadrām bhadrabhāṣiṇīm

5. The revered Lord (Kṛṣṇa) spoke words that were meaningful, truthful, beneficial, concise, appropriate, and supreme to the auspicious-speaking Bhadrā Subhadrā.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्थ्यम् (arthyam) - meaningful (words) (meaningful, important, worthy)

• तथ्याम् (tathyām) - truthful (words) (true, factual, real)

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial (words) (beneficial, salutary, agreeable)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech (word, speech, sentence, utterance)

• लघु (laghu) - concise (words) (light, short, concise, quick)

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - appropriate (words) (joined, connected, appropriate, proper, fitted)

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - supreme (words) (unsurpassed, excellent, supreme)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he (the Lord) spoke (he spoke, he said)

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - the revered Lord (Kṛṣṇa) (the revered, the divine, the blessed lord)

• भद्राम् (bhadrām) - Bhadrā (Subhadrā) (Bhadrā, auspicious one)

• सुभद्राम् (subhadrām) - Subhadrā (Subhadrā (proper name), very auspicious)

• भद्रभाषिणीम् (bhadrabhāṣiṇīm) - (to Subhadrā) who speaks auspiciously (auspicious-speaking, speaking excellent words)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्थ्यम् (arthyam) - meaningful (words) (meaningful, important, worthy)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arthya

arthya - meaningful, important, worthy, useful, relating to wealth/purpose

derived from artha with suffix -ya

Note: agrees with vākyam

तथ्याम् (tathyām) - truthful (words) (true, factual, real)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tathya

tathya - true, factual, real, suitable

derived from tad + suffix -ya

Note: agrees with vākyam

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial (words) (beneficial, salutary, agreeable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, salutary, agreeable, proper

Past Passive Participle

root dhā + suffix -ta (with loss of d)

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: agrees with vākyam

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech (word, speech, sentence, utterance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, utterance

derived from vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: singular form can denote collective 'speech' or 'words'

लघु (laghu) - concise (words) (light, short, concise, quick)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of laghu

laghu - light, short, concise, quick, easy

Note: agrees with vākyam

युक्तम् (yuktam) - appropriate (words) (joined, connected, appropriate, proper, fitted)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, endowed with, suitable, proper, appropriate

Past Passive Participle

root yuj + suffix -ta

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: agrees with vākyam

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - supreme (words) (unsurpassed, excellent, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unsurpassed, excellent, supreme, best

compound: na + uttama

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+uttama)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• uttama – highest, best, chief, excellent
  adjective (neuter)
  superlative of ud
  Prefix: ud

Note: agrees with vākyam

उवाच (uvāca) - he (the Lord) spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

भगवान् (bhagavān) - the revered Lord (Kṛṣṇa) (the revered, the divine, the blessed lord)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - revered, divine, glorious, auspicious, blessed lord

derived from bhaga (fortune, excellence)

Note: refers to Kṛṣṇa

भद्राम् (bhadrām) - Bhadrā (Subhadrā) (Bhadrā, auspicious one)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhadrā

bhadrā - auspicious, propitious, blessed; a proper name (e.g., Subhadrā's sister)

Note: used here to refer to Subhadrā herself, possibly as an epithet

सुभद्राम् (subhadrām) - Subhadrā (Subhadrā (proper name), very auspicious)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of subhadrā

subhadrā - Subhadrā (sister of Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma), very auspicious, beautiful

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+bhadrā)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• bhadrā – auspicious, propitious, blessed
  adjective (feminine)

भद्रभाषिणीम् (bhadrabhāṣiṇīm) - (to Subhadrā) who speaks auspiciously (auspicious-speaking, speaking excellent words)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhadrabhāṣiṇī

bhadrabhāṣiṇī - auspicious-speaking, speaking good/kind words

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhadra+bhāṣin)

• bhadra – auspicious, good, excellent
  adjective (neuter)
• bhāṣin – speaking, speaker
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun derived from root bhāṣ
  root bhāṣ + suffix -in
  Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: agrees with Subhadrām