महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-43, verse-16

ये च पक्षधरा धर्मे सद्वृत्तरुचयश्च ये ।
यान्दृष्ट्वा हीयते पापं तेभ्यः कार्या नमस्क्रियाः ॥१६॥

16. ye ca pakṣadharā dharme sadvṛttarucayaśca ye ,
yāndṛṣṭvā hīyate pāpaṁ tebhyaḥ kāryā namaskriyāḥ.

16. ye ca pakṣadharā dharme sadvṛttarucayaḥ ca ye
yān dṛṣṭvā hīyate pāpam tebhyaḥ kāryā namaskriyāḥ

16. Salutations should be offered to those who uphold natural law (dharma) and delight in virtuous conduct, for by merely seeing them, one's sin diminishes.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पक्षधरा (pakṣadharā) - adherents (supporters, adherents, partisans)

• धर्मे (dharme) - in natural law (dharma) (in natural law, in duty, in righteousness)

• सद्वृत्तरुचयः (sadvṛttarucayaḥ) - who delight in good conduct (those who delight in good conduct, those whose taste is for virtue)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ये (ye) - who (who, those who)

• यान् (yān) - whom (whom (plural))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - by seeing (having seen, by seeing)

• हीयते (hīyate) - diminishes (diminishes, wastes away, is lost, is impaired)

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin (sin, evil, wickedness)

• तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them (to them, for them)

• कार्या (kāryā) - should be offered (to be done, should be done, actionable)

• नमस्क्रियाः (namaskriyāḥ) - salutations (salutations, acts of homage, obeisance)

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पक्षधरा (pakṣadharā) - adherents (supporters, adherents, partisans)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pakṣadhara

pakṣadhara - supporter, adherent, partisan, one who takes a side

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'pakṣa' (side, party) + 'dhara' (bearer, holder).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pakṣa+dhara)

• pakṣa – side, party, wing, fortnight
  noun (masculine)
• dhara – bearer, holder, supporter, wearing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to hold, bear).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

धर्मे (dharme) - in natural law (dharma) (in natural law, in duty, in righteousness)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, order

Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सद्वृत्तरुचयः (sadvṛttarucayaḥ) - who delight in good conduct (those who delight in good conduct, those whose taste is for virtue)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sadvṛttaruci

sadvṛttaruci - delight in good conduct, taste for virtue

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'sat' (good, virtuous) + 'vṛtta' (conduct) + 'ruci' (delight, taste).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sat+vṛtta+ruci)

• sat – good, virtuous, real, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  present participle
  Present participle of root 'as' (to be).
  Root: as (class 2)
• vṛtta – conduct, behavior, occurrence, past event
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'vṛt' (to be, exist, occur).
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• ruci – light, luster, taste, liking, delight
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'ruc' (to shine, please).
  Root: ruc (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - who (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

यान् (yān) - whom (whom (plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - by seeing (having seen, by seeing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हीयते (hīyate) - diminishes (diminishes, wastes away, is lost, is impaired)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of hī

present passive

Present passive 3rd person singular of root 'hā' (to abandon, decrease).

Root: hā (class 3)

पापम् (pāpam) - sin (sin, evil, wickedness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wicked deed, misfortune

तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them (to them, for them)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कार्या (kāryā) - should be offered (to be done, should be done, actionable)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, fit to be done, proper, duty, business

gerundive (future passive participle)

Formed from root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with suffix '-ya'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'namaskriyāḥ' in sense, although 'namaskriyāḥ' is plural and 'kāryā' is singular. This is a common idiom meaning 'there should be salutations'.

नमस्क्रियाः (namaskriyāḥ) - salutations (salutations, acts of homage, obeisance)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of namaskriyā

namaskriyā - salutation, act of homage, obeisance

Compound of 'namas' (bowing, homage) + 'kriyā' (action, act).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (namas+kriyā)

• namas – bowing, homage, adoration, salutation
  indeclinable (neuter)
• kriyā – action, act, ritual, performance
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)