महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-37, verse-5

पुत्रशोकसमाविष्टो निःश्वसन्ह्येष भूमिपः ।
न शेते वसतीः सर्वा धृतराष्ट्रो महामुने ॥५॥

5. putraśokasamāviṣṭo niḥśvasanhyeṣa bhūmipaḥ ,
na śete vasatīḥ sarvā dhṛtarāṣṭro mahāmune.

5. putraśokasamāviṣṭaḥ niḥśvasan hi eṣaḥ bhūmipaḥ
na śete vasatīḥ sarvāḥ dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ mahāmune

5. Afflicted by grief for his sons, this King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, sighing repeatedly, indeed does not sleep through any of the nights, O great sage (mahāmune).

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्रशोकसमाविष्टः (putraśokasamāviṣṭaḥ) - overcome by grief for sons

• निःश्वसन् (niḥśvasan) - continuously sighing due to grief (sighing, breathing out)

• हि (hi) - surely, indeed, because

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (this)

• भूमिपः (bhūmipaḥ) - King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (king, ruler of the earth)

• न (na) - not, no

• शेते (śete) - he sleeps, he lies down

• वसतीः (vasatīḥ) - nights (accusative of duration of time) (nights, dwellings)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (the nights) (all, entire)

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the blind king)

• महामुने (mahāmune) - Addressing Vyāsa (O great sage (muni))

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्रशोकसमाविष्टः (putraśokasamāviṣṭaḥ) - overcome by grief for sons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putraśokasamāviṣṭa

putraśokasamāviṣṭa - afflicted by sorrow for sons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (putra+śoka+samāviṣṭa)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• śoka – grief, sorrow
  noun (masculine)
• samāviṣṭa – entered, overcome, permeated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root viś- with prefix sam- and ā-
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Modifies Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

निःश्वसन् (niḥśvasan) - continuously sighing due to grief (sighing, breathing out)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niḥśvasat

niḥśvasat - sighing, breathing out, exhaling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root śvas- with prefix nis-

Prefix: nis

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Modifies Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

हि (hi) - surely, indeed, because

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Adjective for bhūmipaḥ and dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ.

भूमिपः (bhūmipaḥ) - King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (king, ruler of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūmipa

bhūmipa - protector of the earth, king

Compound of bhūmi (earth) and pa (protector, ruler)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+pa)

• bhūmi – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pa – protector, ruler, drinking
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शेते (śete) - he sleeps, he lies down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present tense (Laṭ)

3rd person singular Present middle voice of root śī

Root: śī (class 2)

वसतीः (vasatīḥ) - nights (accusative of duration of time) (nights, dwellings)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of vasati

vasati - dwelling, abode, night

From root vas (to dwell, to stay)

Root: vas (class 1)

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all (the nights) (all, entire)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the blind king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the blind king, father of the Kauravas)

"he who holds the kingdom" or "whose kingdom is held"

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, maintained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhṛ
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

महामुने (mahāmune) - Addressing Vyāsa (O great sage (muni))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmuni

mahāmuni - great sage (muni), great ascetic

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+muni)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• muni – sage, ascetic (muni)
  noun (masculine)