महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-37, verse-4

षोडशेमानि वर्षाणि गतानि मुनिपुंगव ।
अस्य राज्ञो हतान्पुत्राञ्शोचतो न शमो विभो ॥४॥

4. ṣoḍaśemāni varṣāṇi gatāni munipuṁgava ,
asya rājño hatānputrāñśocato na śamo vibho.

4. ṣoḍaśa imāni varṣāṇi gatāni munipuṅgava asya
rājñaḥ hatān putrān śocataḥ na śamaḥ vibho

4. O chief of sages! These sixteen years have passed, yet there is no peace, O mighty one, for this king who laments his slain sons.

Words meanings summery:

• षोडश (ṣoḍaśa) - sixteen

• इमानि (imāni) - these

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

• गतानि (gatāni) - have passed (referring to years) (gone, passed)

• मुनिपुङ्गव (munipuṅgava) - Addressing Vyāsa (O chief of sages, O foremost ascetic (muni))

• अस्य (asya) - of this king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of this)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (of the king)

• हतान् (hatān) - slain, killed

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

• शोचतः (śocataḥ) - (the king) who is grieving for his sons (lamenting, grieving)

• न (na) - not, no

• शमः (śamaḥ) - mental peace (peace, tranquility, cessation)

• विभो (vibho) - Addressing Vyāsa (O mighty one, O powerful one)

Words meanings and morphology

षोडश (ṣoḍaśa) - sixteen

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of ṣoḍaśa

ṣoḍaśa - sixteen

Note: Adjective for varṣāṇi.

इमानि (imāni) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Adjective for varṣāṇi.

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, monsoon

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied 'have passed').

गतानि (gatāni) - have passed (referring to years) (gone, passed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of gata

gata - gone, passed, reached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

मुनिपुङ्गव (munipuṅgava) - Addressing Vyāsa (O chief of sages, O foremost ascetic (muni))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of munipuṅgava

munipuṅgava - bull among sages, chief of ascetics (muni)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+puṅgava)

• muni – sage, ascetic (muni)
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, eminent, chief
  noun (masculine)

अस्य (asya) - of this king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Adjective for rājñaḥ.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Possessive for śocataḥ.

हतान् (hatān) - slain, killed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - slain, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han

Root: han (class 2)

पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

शोचतः (śocataḥ) - (the king) who is grieving for his sons (lamenting, grieving)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śocat

śocat - lamenting, grieving

Present Active Participle

Derived from root śuc, in present tense, active voice

Root: śuc (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शमः (śamaḥ) - mental peace (peace, tranquility, cessation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śama

śama - peace, tranquility, quietude, cessation

from root śam (to be calm)

Root: śam (class 4)

विभो (vibho) - Addressing Vyāsa (O mighty one, O powerful one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - omnipresent, mighty, lord, ruler

Root: bhū (class 1)