महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-79, verse-11

त्वयि प्राणाः समायत्ताः कुरूणां कुरुनन्दन ।
स कस्मात्प्राणदोऽन्येषां प्राणान्संत्यक्तवानसि ॥११॥

11. tvayi prāṇāḥ samāyattāḥ kurūṇāṁ kurunandana ,
sa kasmātprāṇado'nyeṣāṁ prāṇānsaṁtyaktavānasi.

11. tvayi prāṇāḥ samāyattāḥ kurūṇām kurunandana sa
kasmāt prāṇadaḥ anyeṣām prāṇān santyaktavān asi

11. kurunandana,
kurūṇām prāṇāḥ tvayi samāyattāḥ sa prāṇadaḥ anyeṣām kasmāt prāṇān santyaktavān asi?

11. O delighter of the Kurus, the lives of the Kurus depend on you! Why then have you, the giver of life to others, abandoned your life?

Words meanings summery:

• त्वयि (tvayi) - upon you (Arjuna) (in you, on you)

• प्राणाः (prāṇāḥ) - the lives (of the Kurus) (lives, life-breaths, vital airs)

• समायत्ताः (samāyattāḥ) - dependent (upon you) (dependent, resting upon, entrusted)

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus (members of the Kuru dynasty) (of the Kurus)

• कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O delighter of the Kurus (Arjuna) (delighter of the Kurus)

• स (sa) - you (Arjuna) (as the subject of the question) (he, that (in sandhi before kasmāt))

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (have you abandoned life)? (why, from what, for what reason)

• प्राणदः (prāṇadaḥ) - you, the giver of life (giver of life)

• अन्येषाम् (anyeṣām) - of others (whom you protect) (of others)

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - your own life (as plural for vitality) (lives, life-breaths)

• सन्त्यक्तवान् (santyaktavān) - having abandoned (your life) (having abandoned, having given up)

• असि (asi) - you are (the auxiliary verb for the perfect tense) (you are)

Words meanings and morphology

त्वयि (tvayi) - upon you (Arjuna) (in you, on you)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural or singular, formal)

प्राणाः (prāṇāḥ) - the lives (of the Kurus) (lives, life-breaths, vital airs)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - life-breath, vital air, life, spirit, energy

From prefix 'pra' + root 'an' (to breathe).

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

समायत्ताः (samāyattāḥ) - dependent (upon you) (dependent, resting upon, entrusted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāyatta

samāyatta - dependent, resting upon, placed in, entrusted to, ready

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'sam-ā' + root 'yat' (to strive, be in order) + kta suffix.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Functions as predicate adjective for 'prāṇāḥ'.

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus (members of the Kuru dynasty) (of the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - name of an ancient royal dynasty and region; a member of that dynasty

कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O delighter of the Kurus (Arjuna) (delighter of the Kurus)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kurunandana

kurunandana - delighter of the Kurus, joy of the Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+nandana)

• kuru – name of an ancient royal dynasty and region; a member of that dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, rejoicer, delighter
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'nand' (to rejoice, delight).
  Root: nand (class 1)

स (sa) - you (Arjuna) (as the subject of the question) (he, that (in sandhi before kasmāt))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (have you abandoned life)? (why, from what, for what reason)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which, why

प्राणदः (prāṇadaḥ) - you, the giver of life (giver of life)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṇada

prāṇada - giver of life, life-giving

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+da)

• prāṇa – life-breath, vital air, life
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)
• da – giver, bestower
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dā' (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

अन्येषाम् (anyeṣām) - of others (whom you protect) (of others)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - your own life (as plural for vitality) (lives, life-breaths)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - life-breath, vital air, life, spirit, energy

From prefix 'pra' + root 'an' (to breathe).

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

सन्त्यक्तवान् (santyaktavān) - having abandoned (your life) (having abandoned, having given up)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of santyaktavat

santyaktavat - having abandoned, having given up, renounced

Past Active Participle

From prefix 'sam' + root 'tyaj' (to abandon) + ktavat suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Used with 'asi' to form the perfect tense.

असि (asi) - you are (the auxiliary verb for the perfect tense) (you are)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

Root 'as' (to be), 2nd person singular, Present Active.

Root: as (class 2)