महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-69, verse-13

तान्समीपगताञ्श्रुत्वा निर्ययुर्वृष्णिपुंगवाः ।
अलंचक्रुश्च माल्यौघैः पुरुषा नागसाह्वयम् ॥१३॥

13. tānsamīpagatāñśrutvā niryayurvṛṣṇipuṁgavāḥ ,
alaṁcakruśca mālyaughaiḥ puruṣā nāgasāhvayam.

13. tān samīpagatān śrutvā niryayuḥ vṛṣṇipuṅgavāḥ
alaṃcakruḥ ca mālyaughaiḥ puruṣāḥ nāgasāhvayam

13. Having heard that they had arrived nearby, the chief Vṛṣṇis went forth. And the people decorated Hastināpura with abundant garlands.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - them (the Pāṇḍavas, from previous verse) (them, those)

• समीपगतान् (samīpagatān) - those who had approached, arrived near

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• निर्ययुः (niryayuḥ) - they went out, came forth

• वृष्णिपुङ्गवाः (vṛṣṇipuṅgavāḥ) - the chief among the Vṛṣṇis, Vṛṣṇi heroes

• अलंचक्रुः (alaṁcakruḥ) - they decorated, adorned

• च (ca) - and

• माल्यौघैः (mālyaughaiḥ) - with heaps of garlands, with many garlands

• पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - the people/citizens (men, people, inhabitants)

• नागसाह्वयम् (nāgasāhvayam) - Hastināpura (the capital city) (Hastināpura (literally, 'called by the name of elephant'))

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - them (the Pāṇḍavas, from previous verse) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

समीपगतान् (samīpagatān) - those who had approached, arrived near

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samīpagata

samīpagata - approached, gone near, arrived

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (samīpa+gata)

• samīpa – near, proximity, vicinity
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, arrived, reached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'śru' (to hear) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: śru (class 5)

निर्ययुः (niryayuḥ) - they went out, came forth

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of niryā

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

वृष्णिपुङ्गवाः (vṛṣṇipuṅgavāḥ) - the chief among the Vṛṣṇis, Vṛṣṇi heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛṣṇipuṅgava

vṛṣṇipuṅgava - a bull among the Vṛṣṇis, chief of the Vṛṣṇis

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vṛṣṇi+puṅgava)

• vṛṣṇi – name of a Yadava clan
  proper noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, eminent, best
  noun (masculine)

अलंचक्रुः (alaṁcakruḥ) - they decorated, adorned

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of alaṃkṛ

Prefix: alam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

माल्यौघैः (mālyaughaiḥ) - with heaps of garlands, with many garlands

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mālyaugha

mālyaugha - a heap/mass of garlands

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mālya+ogha)

• mālya – garland, wreath
  noun (neuter)
• ogha – flood, torrent, heap, multitude
  noun (masculine)

पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - the people/citizens (men, people, inhabitants)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, human being

नागसाह्वयम् (nāgasāhvayam) - Hastināpura (the capital city) (Hastināpura (literally, 'called by the name of elephant'))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāgasāhvaya

nāgasāhvaya - that which has the name of an elephant; Hastināpura

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nāga+sāhvaya)

• nāga – elephant, serpent, Nāga
  noun (masculine)
• sāhvaya – having the name or appellation
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'āhvaya' (name, appellation) with 'sa' (with).