महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-45, verse-24

तेष्वप्रमादं कुर्वीत त्रिषु कर्मसु धर्मवित् ।
दान्तो मैत्रः क्षमायुक्तः सर्वभूतसमो मुनिः ॥२४॥

24. teṣvapramādaṁ kurvīta triṣu karmasu dharmavit ,
dānto maitraḥ kṣamāyuktaḥ sarvabhūtasamo muniḥ.

24. teṣu apramādaṃ kurvīta triṣu karmasu dharmavit
dāntaḥ maitraḥ kṣamāyuktaḥ sarvabhūtasamaḥ muniḥ

24. dharmavit dāntaḥ maitraḥ kṣamāyuktaḥ sarvabhūtasamaḥ
muniḥ teṣu triṣu karmasu apramādaṃ kurvīta

24. The sage (muni) who understands natural law (dharma), is self-controlled, friendly, endowed with patience, and views all beings equally, should be attentive in these three actions.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषु (teṣu) - in these (referring to the three actions) (in them, among them)

• अप्रमादं (apramādaṁ) - non-negligence, diligence, attentiveness

• कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - one should do, one should perform

• त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three

• कर्मसु (karmasu) - in actions, in duties

• धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - knower of (dharma), one who understands (natural law)

• दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - self-controlled, restrained, subdued

• मैत्रः (maitraḥ) - friendly, benevolent, amicable

• क्षमायुक्तः (kṣamāyuktaḥ) - endowed with patience, possessing forgiveness

• सर्वभूतसमः (sarvabhūtasamaḥ) - equal to all beings, impartial towards all creatures

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, silent one

Words meanings and morphology

तेषु (teṣu) - in these (referring to the three actions) (in them, among them)

(pronoun)

Locative, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'three actions' (triṣu karmasu) mentioned later in the verse.

अप्रमादं (apramādaṁ) - non-negligence, diligence, attentiveness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apramāda

apramāda - diligence, carefulness, attentiveness, non-negligence

Derived from 'pramāda' (negligence) with negative prefix 'a-'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pramāda)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• pramāda – negligence, carelessness, error
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Object of the verb 'kurvīta'.

कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - one should do, one should perform

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Optative Mood, Ātmanepada

3rd person singular, optative mood, ātmanepada

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The subject is implied, 'dharmavit muniḥ'.

त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with karmasu.

कर्मसु (karmasu) - in actions, in duties

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action, fate

Derived from root kṛ (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the three specific actions/duties implicitly defined by the context of the larger text.

धर्मवित् (dharmavit) - knower of (dharma), one who understands (natural law)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmavit

dharmavit - knower of (dharma), one who understands natural law

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vid)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vid – knowing, one who knows
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root vid.
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'kurvīta'.

दान्तः (dāntaḥ) - self-controlled, restrained, subdued

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dānta

dānta - self-controlled, restrained, subdued, tamed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from root dam (to tame, control).

Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'muniḥ'.

मैत्रः (maitraḥ) - friendly, benevolent, amicable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maitra

maitra - friendly, benevolent, relating to a friend or Mitra

Derived from 'mitra' (friend).

Note: Qualifies 'muniḥ'.

क्षमायुक्तः (kṣamāyuktaḥ) - endowed with patience, possessing forgiveness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣamāyukta

kṣamāyukta - endowed with patience, united with forgiveness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣamā+yukta)

• kṣamā – patience, forgiveness, endurance
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kṣam (class 1)
• yukta – joined, united, endowed with, engaged in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle from root yuj (to join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'muniḥ'.

सर्वभूतसमः (sarvabhūtasamaḥ) - equal to all beings, impartial towards all creatures

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvabhūtasama

sarvabhūtasama - equal to all beings, impartial towards all creatures

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarvabhūta+sama)

• sarvabhūta – all beings, every creature
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: sarva
• sama – equal, same, like
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'muniḥ'.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, silent one

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, inspired person, silent one

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Main subject.