महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-45, verse-11

कालचक्रप्रवृत्तिं च निवृत्तिं चैव तत्त्वतः ।
यस्तु वेद नरो नित्यं न स भूतेषु मुह्यति ॥११॥

11. kālacakrapravṛttiṁ ca nivṛttiṁ caiva tattvataḥ ,
yastu veda naro nityaṁ na sa bhūteṣu muhyati.

11. kālacakrapravṛttim ca nivṛttim ca eva tattvataḥ
yaḥ tu veda naraḥ nityam na saḥ bhūteṣu muhyati

11. yaḥ naraḥ tu nityam tattvataḥ kālacakrapravṛttim ca nivṛttim ca eva veda,
saḥ bhūteṣu na muhyati

11. That person who truly and perpetually understands the operation and the cessation of the wheel of time (kālacakra), he is not deluded among beings.

Words meanings summery:

• कालचक्रप्रवृत्तिम् (kālacakrapravṛttim) - the activity/revolution of the wheel of time

• च (ca) - and, also

• निवृत्तिम् (nivṛttim) - the cessation, withdrawal, inactivity

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in essence, truly, according to reality, fundamentally

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

• वेद (veda) - knows, understands

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, person, human being

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always, eternally

• न (na) - not, no

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among beings, in creatures, concerning elements

• मुह्यति (muhyati) - is deluded, confused, bewildered

Words meanings and morphology

कालचक्रप्रवृत्तिम् (kālacakrapravṛttim) - the activity/revolution of the wheel of time

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kālacakrapravṛtti

kālacakrapravṛtti - the movement/operation of the wheel of time; the revolving of the time-cycle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kālacakra+pravṛtti)

• kālacakra – the wheel of time; cosmic cycle
  noun (neuter)
• pravṛtti – activity, action, operation, revolution, continuance
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'vṛt' with prefix 'pra'
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

निवृत्तिम् (nivṛttim) - the cessation, withdrawal, inactivity

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nivṛtti

nivṛtti - cessation, retirement, inactivity, stopping, withdrawal

From root 'vṛt' with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in essence, truly, according to reality, fundamentally

(indeclinable)

From 'tattva' with suffix '-tas'

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun, masculine nominative singular.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

वेद (veda) - knows, understands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vid

Perfect Tense (used with present meaning)

From root 'vid', 2nd conjugation, Parasmaipada, Perfect 3rd singular

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Though morphologically perfect, 'veda' often functions as a present tense verb meaning 'knows'.

नरः (naraḥ) - man, person, human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, male, human

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, perpetually, always, eternally

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb here, meaning 'constantly'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular, coreferent with 'yaḥ'.

भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among beings, in creatures, concerning elements

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, ghost; past (as participle)

Past Passive Participle

From root 'bhū' (to be, to become) with suffix '-ta'

Root: bhū (class 1)

मुह्यति (muhyati) - is deluded, confused, bewildered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of muh

Present Tense

Root 'muh', 4th conjugation, Parasmaipada, Present 3rd singular

Root: muh (class 4)