महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-23, verse-4

ब्राह्मण उवाच ।
प्राणेन संभृतो वायुरपानो जायते ततः ।
अपाने संभृतो वायुस्ततो व्यानः प्रवर्तते ॥४॥

4. brāhmaṇa uvāca ,
prāṇena saṁbhṛto vāyurapāno jāyate tataḥ ,
apāne saṁbhṛto vāyustato vyānaḥ pravartate.

4. brāhmaṇa uvāca prāṇena saṃbhṛtaḥ vāyuḥ apānaḥ jāyate
tataḥ apāne saṃbhṛtaḥ vāyuḥ tataḥ vyānaḥ pravartate

4. The Brahmin said: "The air, sustained by the upward moving vital breath (prāṇa), then becomes the downward moving breath (apāna). The air, sustained within the downward moving breath (apāna), then operates as the pervasive breath (vyāna)."

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• प्राणेन (prāṇena) - by the upward moving vital breath (prāṇa) (by the vital breath; by the life force)

• संभृतः (saṁbhṛtaḥ) - sustained, supported, filled, nourished

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - air, wind, vital air

• अपानः (apānaḥ) - downward moving breath; a vital air

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, originates, arises, comes into being

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• अपाने (apāne) - in the downward moving breath

• संभृतः (saṁbhṛtaḥ) - sustained, supported, filled, nourished

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - air, wind, vital air

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• व्यानः (vyānaḥ) - pervasive breath; one of the vital airs

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - proceeds, operates, functions, manifests

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class; related to Brahman

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense form

Root 'vac' (2nd class/adādi), perfect active 3rd singular

Root: vac (class 2)

प्राणेन (prāṇena) - by the upward moving vital breath (prāṇa) (by the vital breath; by the life force)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life force, spirit

Root: an (class 2)

संभृतः (saṁbhṛtaḥ) - sustained, supported, filled, nourished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbhṛta

saṁbhṛta - sustained, supported, filled, collected, brought together

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'bhṛ' with prefix 'saṃ'

Prefix: sam

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - air, wind, vital air

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - air, wind, a vital current in the body

Root: vā (class 2)

अपानः (apānaḥ) - downward moving breath; a vital air

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apāna

apāna - downward breath, one of the five vital airs (prāṇa) responsible for excretion and downward flow

Prefix: apa

Root: an (class 2)

जायते (jāyate) - is born, originates, arises, comes into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

present middle form

Root 'jan' (4th class/divādi), present middle 3rd singular

Root: jan (class 4)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

अपाने (apāne) - in the downward moving breath

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of apāna

apāna - downward breath, one of the five vital airs (prāṇa) responsible for excretion and downward flow

Prefix: apa

Root: an (class 2)

संभृतः (saṁbhṛtaḥ) - sustained, supported, filled, nourished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbhṛta

saṁbhṛta - sustained, supported, filled, collected, brought together

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'bhṛ' with prefix 'saṃ'

Prefix: sam

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - air, wind, vital air

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - air, wind, a vital current in the body

Root: vā (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

व्यानः (vyānaḥ) - pervasive breath; one of the vital airs

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāna

vyāna - diffusive or pervasive breath, one of the five vital airs (prāṇa) responsible for circulation and distribution throughout the body

Prefixes: vi+an

Root: an (class 2)

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - proceeds, operates, functions, manifests

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

present middle form

Root 'vṛt' (1st class/bhvādi), with prefix 'pra', present middle 3rd singular

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)