महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-23, verse-13

अपानः प्रचचाराथ व्यानस्तं पुनरब्रवीत् ।
श्रेष्ठोऽहमस्मि सर्वेषां श्रूयतां येन हेतुना ॥१३॥

13. apānaḥ pracacārātha vyānastaṁ punarabravīt ,
śreṣṭho'hamasmi sarveṣāṁ śrūyatāṁ yena hetunā.

13. apānaḥ pracacāra atha vyānaḥ tam punaḥ abravīt |
śreṣṭhaḥ aham asmi sarveṣām śrūyatām yena hetunā

13. apānaḥ atha pracacāra vyānaḥ punaḥ tam abravīt: "aham sarveṣām śreṣṭhaḥ asmi; yena hetunā (etat) śrūyatām.
"

13. Apana then departed. Vyana, in turn, said to him, 'I am the best of all; listen to the reason why.'

Words meanings summery:

• अपानः (apānaḥ) - the downward vital air; Apana

• प्रचचार (pracacāra) - ceased its function temporarily, departed (departed, moved forth, went away)

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• व्यानः (vyānaḥ) - the vital air responsible for circulation; Vyana

• तम् (tam) - him (Apana) (him, that)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all the vital airs (of all, among all)

• श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - let the reason be heard (let it be heard)

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• हेतुना (hetunā) - by the reason, on account of

Words meanings and morphology

अपानः (apānaḥ) - the downward vital air; Apana

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apāna

apāna - the downward vital air (one of the five principal prāṇas)

Derived from prefix apa- and root an (to breathe).

Prefix: apa

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject of `pracacāra`.

प्रचचार (pracacāra) - ceased its function temporarily, departed (departed, moved forth, went away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of car

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Form of √car (to move) with prefix pra- in the perfect tense.

Prefix: pra

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Implies a temporary cessation of function or departure.

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates sequence.

व्यानः (vyānaḥ) - the vital air responsible for circulation; Vyana

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāna

vyāna - the vital air responsible for circulation (one of the five principal prāṇas)

Derived from prefix vi- and root an (to breathe).

Prefix: vi

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject of `abravīt`.

तम् (tam) - him (Apana) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Apana.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vac

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Form of √vac (to speak) in the imperfect tense (laṅ-lakāra).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject is Vyana.

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, superior

Superlative adjective

Superlative form, often considered derived from praśasya (excellent).

Note: Predicative adjective for `aham`.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

Note: Subject for `asmi`.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, 1st person singular

Form of √as (to be) in the present tense.

Root: as (class 2)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all the vital airs (of all, among all)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Genitive plural of sarva.

Note: Specifies the group from which Vyana claims to be the best.

श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - let the reason be heard (let it be heard)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative mood, 3rd person singular, passive voice

Form of √śru (to hear) in the imperative mood, passive voice.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Implies 'let the reason be heard'.

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Instrumental singular of yad.

Note: Qualifies `hetunā`.

हेतुना (hetunā) - by the reason, on account of

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive

Instrumental singular of hetu.

Note: The instrument or reason for Vyana's claim.