महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-23, verse-23

एकः स्थिरश्चास्थिरश्च विशेषात्पञ्च वायवः ।
एक एव ममैवात्मा बहुधाप्युपचीयते ॥२३॥

23. ekaḥ sthiraścāsthiraśca viśeṣātpañca vāyavaḥ ,
eka eva mamaivātmā bahudhāpyupacīyate.

23. ekaḥ sthiraḥ ca asthiraḥ ca viśeṣāt pañca vāyavaḥ
ekaḥ eva mama eva ātmā bahudhā api upacīyate

23. ekaḥ sthiraḥ ca asthiraḥ ca viśeṣāt pañca vāyavaḥ
mama ekaḥ eva ātmā eva bahudhā api upacīyate

23. One (principle) is both stable and unstable, manifested specifically as the five vital airs. My own (ātman) is indeed one, yet it is augmented and manifests in many ways.

Words meanings summery:

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one (principle) (one, single, unique)

• स्थिरः (sthiraḥ) - stable (stable, firm, fixed, constant)

• च (ca) - both (and, also)

• अस्थिरः (asthiraḥ) - unstable (unstable, unsteady, fleeting)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• विशेषात् (viśeṣāt) - specifically (especially, specifically, by distinction)

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• वायवः (vāyavaḥ) - vital airs (vital airs, winds, prāṇas)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one (one, single, unique)

• एव (eva) - truly (indeed, only, just)

• मम (mama) - my own (my, of me)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

• आत्मा (ātmā) - (ātman) (self, soul, spirit, (ātman))

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways (in many ways, manifoldly)

• अपि (api) - yet (or indeed) (also, even, indeed)

• उपचीयते (upacīyate) - is augmented and manifests (is augmented, grows, increases, is accumulated, is manifested)

Words meanings and morphology

एकः (ekaḥ) - one (principle) (one, single, unique)

(numeral)

स्थिरः (sthiraḥ) - stable (stable, firm, fixed, constant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthira

sthira - stable, firm, fixed, steady, constant

from √sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

च (ca) - both (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as 'both... and...' when repeated.

अस्थिरः (asthiraḥ) - unstable (unstable, unsteady, fleeting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asthira

asthira - unstable, unsteady, not firm, fleeting

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of sthira (stable)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sthira)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• sthira – stable, firm
  adjective (masculine)
  from √sthā
  Root: sthā (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

विशेषात् (viśeṣāt) - specifically (especially, specifically, by distinction)

(indeclinable)

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Ablative often functions adverbially ('by distinction, specifically').

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

Note: Forms are the same for all genders in nominative/accusative plural.

वायवः (vāyavaḥ) - vital airs (vital airs, winds, prāṇas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, vital air, prāṇa, god of wind

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Refers to the five vital breaths.

एकः (ekaḥ) - one (one, single, unique)

(numeral)

एव (eva) - truly (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

मम (mama) - my own (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

आत्मा (ātmā) - (ātman) (self, soul, spirit, (ātman))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, the individual soul, the Supreme Soul

Note: IAST for the word ātman

बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways (in many ways, manifoldly)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -dhā meaning 'in X ways'

Note: An adverbial form.

अपि (api) - yet (or indeed) (also, even, indeed)

(indeclinable)

उपचीयते (upacīyate) - is augmented and manifests (is augmented, grows, increases, is accumulated, is manifested)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive/middle, present (laṭ) of upacī

from upa- + √ci (to collect, pile up)

Prefix: upa

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: The form is 3rd singular present Ātmanepada, often used for passive or middle voice.