महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-2, verse-12

यदि मामनुजानीयाद्भवान्गन्तुं तपोवनम् ।
न हि शान्तिं प्रपश्यामि घातयित्वा पितामहम् ।
कर्णं च पुरुषव्याघ्रं संग्रामेष्वपलायिनम् ॥१२॥

12. yadi māmanujānīyādbhavāngantuṁ tapovanam ,
na hi śāntiṁ prapaśyāmi ghātayitvā pitāmaham ,
karṇaṁ ca puruṣavyāghraṁ saṁgrāmeṣvapalāyinam.

12. yadi mām anujānīyāt bhavān gantum
tapovanam na hi śāntim prapaśyāmi
ghātayitvā pitāmaham karṇam ca
puruṣavyāghram saṅgrāmeṣu apalāyinam

12. yadi bhavān mām tapovanam gantum
anujānīyāt hi pitāmaham karṇam ca
puruṣavyāghram saṅgrāmeṣu apalāyinam
ghātayitvā śāntim na prapaśyāmi

12. If your honor would permit me to go to the penance-grove (tapovanam), for I truly find no peace after having caused the death of grandfather (Pitāmaha) and Karṇa, that tiger among men who never retreated in battles.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if (if, whether)

• माम् (mām) - me (me (accusative))

• अनुजानीयात् (anujānīyāt) - would permit (would permit, should allow)

• भवान् (bhavān) - your honor (Govinda/Kṛṣṇa) (your honor, you (polite address))

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go (to go, for going)

• तपोवनम् (tapovanam) - to the penance-grove (tapovanam) (penance-grove, hermitage forest (accusative))

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• हि (hi) - for, truly (indeed, for, because)

• शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace (peace, tranquility, cessation (accusative))

• प्रपश्यामि (prapaśyāmi) - I truly find (I see, I perceive, I find)

• घातयित्वा (ghātayitvā) - after having caused the death of (having caused to be killed, having slain)

• पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - grandfather (Bhīṣma) (grandfather (accusative))

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa (Karṇa (accusative))

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• पुरुषव्याघ्रम् (puruṣavyāghram) - that tiger among men (tiger among men, best of men (accusative))

• सङ्ग्रामेषु (saṅgrāmeṣu) - in battles (in battles, in conflicts, in wars)

• अपलायिनम् (apalāyinam) - who never retreated (not fleeing, not retreating (accusative))

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if (if, whether)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

माम् (mām) - me (me (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

अनुजानीयात् (anujānīyāt) - would permit (would permit, should allow)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Optative (Liṅ) of anujñā

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject is 'bhavān'.

भवान् (bhavān) - your honor (Govinda/Kṛṣṇa) (your honor, you (polite address))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you, your honor, being, becoming (masculine nominative)

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'bhū' (to be) with '-at' suffix

Root: bhū (class 1)

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go (to go, for going)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with suffix '-tum'

Root: gam (class 1)

तपोवनम् (tapovanam) - to the penance-grove (tapovanam) (penance-grove, hermitage forest (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapovana

tapovana - penance-grove, hermitage forest

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapas+vana)

• tapas – penance, austerity, heat
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• vana – forest, grove, wood
  noun (neuter)
  Root: van (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - for, truly (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, often used to introduce a reason.

शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace (peace, tranquility, cessation (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śānti

śānti - peace, tranquility, cessation, calm

From root 'śam' (to be calm)

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Object of 'prapaśyāmi'.

प्रपश्यामि (prapaśyāmi) - I truly find (I see, I perceive, I find)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, Present (Laṭ) of prapaś

Prefix: pra

Root: paś (class 4)

Note: Subject is implicit "I" (Yudhiṣṭhira).

घातयित्वा (ghātayitvā) - after having caused the death of (having caused to be killed, having slain)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Causative)

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) in causative form 'ghātaya', with suffix '-itvā'

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - grandfather (Bhīṣma) (grandfather (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, great ancestor, Lord Brahmā

Note: Object of 'ghātayitvā'.

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa (Karṇa (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; a proper name, Karṇa

Note: Object of 'ghātayitvā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

पुरुषव्याघ्रम् (puruṣavyāghram) - that tiger among men (tiger among men, best of men (accusative))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, best of men, a mighty man

Compound type : karmadhāraya (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pṛ
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: ghrā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'Karṇam'.

सङ्ग्रामेषु (saṅgrāmeṣu) - in battles (in battles, in conflicts, in wars)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of saṅgrāma

saṅgrāma - battle, war, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: gram

अपलायिनम् (apalāyinam) - who never retreated (not fleeing, not retreating (accusative))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apalāyin

apalāyin - not fleeing, not retreating, steadfast

From 'a' (not) and 'palāyin' (fleeing), from root 'palāy' (to flee) with suffix '-in'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+palāyin)

• a – not, non-, un-
  prefix
  Negative prefix
• palāyin – fleeing, running away
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'palāy' (to flee)
  Prefix: parā
  Root: palāy (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'Karṇam'.