महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-2, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तस्तु राज्ञा स धृतराष्ट्रेण धीमता ।
तूष्णीं बभूव मेधावी तमुवाचाथ केशवः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktastu rājñā sa dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa dhīmatā ,
tūṣṇīṁ babhūva medhāvī tamuvācātha keśavaḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | evam uktaḥ tu rājñā sa dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa
dhīmatā | tūṣṇīm babhūva medhāvī tam uvāca atha keśavaḥ

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca saḥ medhāvī dhīmatā dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa
rājñā evam uktaḥ tu tūṣṇīm babhūva atha keśavaḥ tam uvāca

1. Vaiśampāyana said: When he, that intelligent one, was thus addressed by the wise king Dhṛtarāṣṭra, he remained silent. Then Keśava spoke to him.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The sage Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of this epic. (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, as the narrator does. (said, spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - in the manner described previously. (thus, in this manner)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by Dhṛtarāṣṭra). (spoken, said, addressed)

• तु (tu) - used as an emphasizing particle, 'indeed'. (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by King Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (by the king)

• स (sa) - referring to Saṃjaya. (he, that)

• धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - by King Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (by Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• धीमता (dhīmatā) - by the wise king Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (by the wise, intelligent)

• तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - remaining in silence. (silently, quietly)

• बभूव (babhūva) - became silent. (became, was)

• मेधावी (medhāvī) - the intelligent Saṃjaya. (intelligent, wise)

• तम् (tam) - referring to Saṃjaya (who was silent). (him, that)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Keśava spoke to him. (said, spoke)

• अथ (atha) - then, after Saṃjaya became silent. (then, now, moreover)

• केशवः (keśavaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa. (Keśava (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa))

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The sage Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of this epic. (Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, pupil of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, as the narrator does. (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Third Person Singular

From root √vac (to speak). Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - in the manner described previously. (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by Dhṛtarāṣṭra). (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'sa' (he).

तु (tu) - used as an emphasizing particle, 'indeed'. (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by King Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (by the king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

स (sa) - referring to Saṃjaya. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Saṃjaya, who is being addressed.

धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - by King Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (by Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - name of the blind king, father of the Kauravas

धीमता (dhīmatā) - by the wise king Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (by the wise, intelligent)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - wise, intelligent, endowed with understanding

Derived from dhī (intellect) + -mat (possessive suffix).

Note: Agrees with 'rājñā' and 'dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa'.

तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - remaining in silence. (silently, quietly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

Note: Acts as an adverb modifying 'babhūva'.

बभूव (babhūva) - became silent. (became, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect Active Third Person Singular

From root √bhū (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

मेधावी (medhāvī) - the intelligent Saṃjaya. (intelligent, wise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of medhāvin

medhāvin - intelligent, wise, possessing intellect

Derived from medhā (intellect) + -vin (possessive suffix).

Note: Refers to 'sa' (Saṃjaya).

तम् (tam) - referring to Saṃjaya (who was silent). (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - Keśava spoke to him. (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Third Person Singular

From root √vac (to speak). Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, after Saṃjaya became silent. (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

केशवः (keśavaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa. (Keśava (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava, an epithet of Viṣṇu or Kṛṣṇa (meaning 'having fine hair' or 'slayer of the demon Keśī')

Note: Subject of the second 'uvāca'.