महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-92, verse-5

तेऽब्रुवन्सोममासाद्य पितरोऽजीर्णपीडिताः ।
निवापान्नेन पीड्यामः श्रेयो नोऽत्र विधीयताम् ॥५॥

5. te'bruvansomamāsādya pitaro'jīrṇapīḍitāḥ ,
nivāpānnena pīḍyāmaḥ śreyo no'tra vidhīyatām.

5. te abruvan somam āsādya pitaraḥ ajīrṇapīḍitāḥ
nivāpānnena pīḍyāmaḥ śreyaḥ naḥ atra vidhīyatām

5. somam āsādya ajīrṇapīḍitāḥ te pitaraḥ abruvan
nivāpānnena pīḍyāmaḥ naḥ śreyaḥ atra vidhīyatām

5. Having approached Soma (Soma), those ancestors (pitṛs), afflicted by indigestion, said: 'We are tormented by the food from the offerings. Let our welfare be established here.'

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - referring to the ancestors (they)

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they (the pitṛs) spoke (they said, they spoke)

• सोमम् (somam) - the deity Soma (Soma)

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having arrived before Soma (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

• पितरः (pitaraḥ) - the deceased ancestors (ancestors, fathers)

• अजीर्णपीडिताः (ajīrṇapīḍitāḥ) - tormented by their inability to digest (afflicted by indigestion)

• निवापान्नेन (nivāpānnena) - by the food given as an offering to ancestors (by the offering-food, by the food of oblations)

• पीड्यामः (pīḍyāmaḥ) - we (the pitṛs) are suffering from the food (we are tormented, we are afflicted)

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - our well-being, a beneficial solution (welfare, good, excellence)

• नः (naḥ) - for our benefit, for us (us, to us, for us, our)

• अत्र (atra) - in this situation, regarding this problem (here, in this matter, on this point)

• विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let a remedy or good be enacted (let it be done, let it be arranged, let it be ordained)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - referring to the ancestors (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they (the pitṛs) spoke (they said, they spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

सोमम् (somam) - the deity Soma (Soma)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of soma

soma - the moon, a lunar deity, a sacred intoxicating drink

Root: sū (class 5)

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having arrived before Soma (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From ā + root sad (to sit, approach) with suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

पितरः (pitaraḥ) - the deceased ancestors (ancestors, fathers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor, forefathers (plural)

अजीर्णपीडिताः (ajīrṇapīḍitāḥ) - tormented by their inability to digest (afflicted by indigestion)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ajīrṇapīḍita

ajīrṇapīḍita - afflicted by indigestion

Compound of ajīrṇa and pīḍita.

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (ajīrṇa+pīḍita)

• ajīrṇa – indigestion, undigested
  noun (neuter)
  a (negation) + jīrṇa (digested, from jṛ).
  Root: jṛ (class 1)
• pīḍita – afflicted, tormented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root pīḍ (to oppress, distress) with suffix -ita.
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies pitaraḥ.

निवापान्नेन (nivāpānnena) - by the food given as an offering to ancestors (by the offering-food, by the food of oblations)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nivāpānna

nivāpānna - food of offering

Compound of nivāpa and anna.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nivāpa+anna)

• nivāpa – offering, oblation
  noun (masculine)
  From ni + vap (to sow, scatter).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vap (class 1)
• anna – food, grain
  noun (neuter)
  From root ad (to eat).
  Root: ad (class 2)

पीड्यामः (pīḍyāmaḥ) - we (the pitṛs) are suffering from the food (we are tormented, we are afflicted)

(verb)

1st person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of pīḍ

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - our well-being, a beneficial solution (welfare, good, excellence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - welfare, good, better, best

Comparative/superlative form of śrī.

नः (naḥ) - for our benefit, for us (us, to us, for us, our)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

अत्र (atra) - in this situation, regarding this problem (here, in this matter, on this point)

(indeclinable)

विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let a remedy or good be enacted (let it be done, let it be arranged, let it be ordained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of vidhī

From vi + root dhā.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)