महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-92, verse-18

कल्माषगोयुगेनाथ युक्तेन तरतो जलम् ।
पितरोऽभिलषन्ते वै नावं चाप्यधिरोहतः ।
सदा नावि जलं तज्ज्ञाः प्रयच्छन्ति समाहिताः ॥१८॥

18. kalmāṣagoyugenātha yuktena tarato jalam ,
pitaro'bhilaṣante vai nāvaṁ cāpyadhirohataḥ ,
sadā nāvi jalaṁ tajjñāḥ prayacchanti samāhitāḥ.

18. kalmāṣagoyugena atha yuktena tarataḥ
jalam pitaraḥ abhilaṣante vai
nāvam ca api adhirohataḥ sadā nāvi
jalam tajjñāḥ prayacchanti samāhitāḥ

18. The ancestors (pitṛ) indeed desire offerings from one who crosses the water (accompanied) by a yoked pair of brindled oxen, and also from one who embarks upon a boat. Therefore, those knowledgeable in these matters (tajjñāḥ), being attentive, always offer water from a boat.

Words meanings summery:

• कल्माषगोयुगेन (kalmāṣagoyugena) - with a pair of brindled oxen

• अथ (atha) - and then, furthermore, now

• युक्तेन (yuktena) - yoked (with a pair of oxen) (yoked, joined, equipped with)

• तरतः (tarataḥ) - of the person crossing the water (of one crossing, of one who crosses)

• जलम् (jalam) - water

• पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors, fathers

• अभिलषन्ते (abhilaṣante) - they desire, they wish for

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• नावम् (nāvam) - boat

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• अधिरोहतः (adhirohataḥ) - of the person embarking upon a boat (of one embarking, of one ascending)

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• नावि (nāvi) - in a boat, on a boat

• जलम् (jalam) - water

• तज्ज्ञाः (tajjñāḥ) - those knowledgeable in these ritual matters (those who know that, experts in it)

• प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - they give, they offer

• समाहिताः (samāhitāḥ) - concentrated, attentive, composed

Words meanings and morphology

कल्माषगोयुगेन (kalmāṣagoyugena) - with a pair of brindled oxen

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kalmāṣagoyuga

kalmāṣagoyuga - pair of brindled oxen

Compound type : tatpurusha (kalmāṣa+goyuga)

• kalmāṣa – brindled, speckled, mottled
  adjective (masculine)
• goyuga – pair of oxen, a yoke of oxen
  noun (neuter)

अथ (atha) - and then, furthermore, now

(indeclinable)

युक्तेन (yuktena) - yoked (with a pair of oxen) (yoked, joined, equipped with)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - yoked, joined, connected, appropriate, fit, intent

Past Passive Participle

from √yuj (to yoke, to join)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with kalmāṣagoyugena

तरतः (tarataḥ) - of the person crossing the water (of one crossing, of one who crosses)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tarat

tarat - crossing, swimming across

Present Active Participle

from √tṛ (to cross, to swim)

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies an implied agent 'of a person'

जलम् (jalam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors, fathers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor, forefathers

अभिलषन्ते (abhilaṣante) - they desire, they wish for

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of abhilaṣ

Present Tense

3rd person plural, present, middle voice

Prefix: abhi

Root: laṣ (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

नावम् (nāvam) - boat

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nau

nau - boat, ship

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

अधिरोहतः (adhirohataḥ) - of the person embarking upon a boat (of one embarking, of one ascending)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of adhirohat

adhirohat - ascending, embarking, climbing up

Present Active Participle

from adhi- + √ruh (to rise, to grow)

Prefix: adhi

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Modifies an implied agent 'of a person'

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

नावि (nāvi) - in a boat, on a boat

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of nau

nau - boat, ship

जलम् (jalam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

तज्ज्ञाः (tajjñāḥ) - those knowledgeable in these ritual matters (those who know that, experts in it)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tajjña

tajjña - knowing that, skilled in it, expert

Compound type : tatpurusha (tad+jña)

• tad – that, those
  pronoun (neuter)
• jña – knowing, understanding, expert
  adjective (masculine)
  from √jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - they give, they offer

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of prayach

Present Tense

3rd person plural, present, active voice, from pra- + √yam (to give, to restrain)

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

समाहिताः (samāhitāḥ) - concentrated, attentive, composed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāhita

samāhita - concentrated, attentive, composed, collected, placed together

Past Passive Participle

from sam- + ā- + √dhā (to place)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'tajjñāḥ'