महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-92, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
तथा विधौ प्रवृत्ते तु सर्व एव महर्षयः ।
पितृयज्ञानकुर्वन्त विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
tathā vidhau pravṛtte tu sarva eva maharṣayaḥ ,
pitṛyajñānakurvanta vidhidṛṣṭena karmaṇā.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tathā vidhau pravṛtte tu sarve eva
maharṣayaḥ pitṛyajñān akurvanta vidhidṛṣṭena karmaṇā

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tu tathā vidhau pravṛtte sarve eva
maharṣayaḥ vidhidṛṣṭena karmaṇā pitṛyajñān akurvanta

1. Bhishma said: "Indeed, when that ritual (vidhi) had thus begun, all the great sages performed the ancestral Vedic rituals (pitṛyajña) by actions (karma) prescribed by the sacred texts."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (a character in the Mahābhārata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• विधौ (vidhau) - in the rule, in the prescribed act, in the ritual

• प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - when it has begun, being set in motion

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - the great sages

• पितृयज्ञान् (pitṛyajñān) - ancestral Vedic rituals

• अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they performed, they did

• विधिदृष्टेन (vidhidṛṣṭena) - by what is prescribed by sacred texts, according to established rule

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by the action, by the deed, by the ritual

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (a character in the Mahābhārata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name), terrible, formidable

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

विधौ (vidhau) - in the rule, in the prescribed act, in the ritual

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, sacred precept, ritual, ceremony, method

प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - when it has begun, being set in motion

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - begun, commenced, set in motion, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'vidhau'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - the great sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, exalted seer

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

पितृयज्ञान् (pitṛyajñān) - ancestral Vedic rituals

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛyajña

pitṛyajña - Vedic ritual for ancestors, ancestral offering

Compound type : tatpurusha (pitṛ+yajña)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• yajña – Vedic ritual, sacrifice, offering
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yaj (class 1)

अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they performed, they did

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विधिदृष्टेन (vidhidṛṣṭena) - by what is prescribed by sacred texts, according to established rule

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vidhidṛṣṭa

vidhidṛṣṭa - seen in the rule, prescribed by sacred law

Compound type : tatpurusha (vidhi+dṛṣṭa)

• vidhi – rule, sacred precept, injunction
  noun (masculine)
• dṛṣṭa – seen, observed, prescribed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'karmaṇā'.

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by the action, by the deed, by the ritual

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual, work

Root: kṛ (class 8)