महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-92, verse-21

एते च पितरो राजन्नेष श्राद्धविधिः परः ।
प्रेतास्तु पिण्डसंबन्धान्मुच्यन्ते तेन कर्मणा ॥२१॥

21. ete ca pitaro rājanneṣa śrāddhavidhiḥ paraḥ ,
pretāstu piṇḍasaṁbandhānmucyante tena karmaṇā.

21. ete ca pitaraḥ rājan eṣaḥ śrāddhavidhiḥ paraḥ
pretāḥ tu piṇḍasambandhāt mucyante tena karmaṇā

21. rājan ete ca pitaraḥ eṣaḥ paraḥ śrāddhavidhiḥ
tena karmaṇā tu pretāḥ piṇḍasambandhāt mucyante

21. And these ancestors, O King—this is the supreme procedure for ancestral rites (śrāddha). By that action (karma), the departed spirits are indeed liberated from their connection to the rice-ball offerings (piṇḍa).

Words meanings summery:

• एते (ete) - these sages (referring back to the previous verse) (these (masculine plural))

• च (ca) - and

• पितरः (pitaraḥ) - fathers, ancestors

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine singular)

• श्राद्धविधिः (śrāddhavidhiḥ) - The correct method for performing ancestral rites. (ancestral rite procedure)

• परः (paraḥ) - supreme, excellent, highest

• प्रेताः (pretāḥ) - departed spirits, ghosts

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• पिण्डसम्बन्धात् (piṇḍasambandhāt) - from the connection to the physical offerings made to ancestors (from connection to rice-balls/offerings)

• मुच्यन्ते (mucyante) - they are liberated, they are freed

• तेन (tena) - by that

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by that ritual performance (by action, by deed, by ritual)

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - these sages (referring back to the previous verse) (these (masculine plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पितरः (pitaraḥ) - fathers, ancestors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, these

श्राद्धविधिः (śrāddhavidhiḥ) - The correct method for performing ancestral rites. (ancestral rite procedure)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrāddhavidhi

śrāddhavidhi - the ritual or procedure of ancestral rites

Compound type : tatpurusha (śrāddha+vidhi)

• śrāddha – a religious ceremony performed for the benefit of deceased ancestors
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from śrat-dhā (to place faith).
  Prefix: śrat
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• vidhi – rule, injunction, method, procedure, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  From root vi-dhā (to arrange, ordain).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

परः (paraḥ) - supreme, excellent, highest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate, other

प्रेताः (pretāḥ) - departed spirits, ghosts

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of preta

preta - departed, deceased, a departed spirit, ghost

Past Passive Participle

From pra-i (to go forth).

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

पिण्डसम्बन्धात् (piṇḍasambandhāt) - from the connection to the physical offerings made to ancestors (from connection to rice-balls/offerings)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of piṇḍasambandha

piṇḍasambandha - connection with a piṇḍa (rice-ball offering)

Compound type : tatpurusha (piṇḍa+sambandha)

• piṇḍa – a ball of cooked rice or flour offered to ancestors (pitṛs); a lump, a body
  noun (masculine)
• sambandha – connection, relation, relationship
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-bandh (to bind together).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bandh (class 9)

मुच्यन्ते (mucyante) - they are liberated, they are freed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of muc

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Intransitive verb often takes passive form for 'to be freed'.

तेन (tena) - by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to 'karmaṇā'.

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by that ritual performance (by action, by deed, by ritual)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual, fate, effect of actions

From root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)