महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-36, verse-9

सोऽहं वागग्रसृष्टानां रसानामवलेहकः ।
स्वजात्यानधितिष्ठामि नक्षत्राणीव चन्द्रमाः ॥९॥

9. so'haṁ vāgagrasṛṣṭānāṁ rasānāmavalehakaḥ ,
svajātyānadhitiṣṭhāmi nakṣatrāṇīva candramāḥ.

9. saḥ aham vāk agrasṛṣṭānām rasānām avalehakaḥ
svajātyān adhitiṣṭhāmi nakṣatrāṇi iva candramāḥ

9. saḥ aham vāk agrasṛṣṭānām rasānām avalehakaḥ
svajātyān adhitiṣṭhāmi candramāḥ iva nakṣatrāṇi

9. That I, who am a connoisseur of the primordial essences of speech (vāk), preside over those of my own kind, just as the moon presides over the stars.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (person), referring to the speaker from previous verse (that, he)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• वाक् (vāk) - speech (vāk), especially in its primordial or sacred sense (speech, word, voice)

• अग्रसृष्टानाम् (agrasṛṣṭānām) - of the primordial (of the foremost created, of those created first)

• रसानाम् (rasānām) - of essences (of speech) (of juices, of tastes, of essences, of sentiments)

• अवलेहकः (avalehakaḥ) - connoisseur, one who savors (taster, licker, one who enjoys)

• स्वजात्यान् (svajātyān) - those of my own kind (those of one's own kind or species, one's compatriots)

• अधितिष्ठामि (adhitiṣṭhāmi) - I preside over, I excel (I preside over, I rule, I stand above)

• नक्षत्राणि (nakṣatrāṇi) - stars, constellations

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - the moon

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (person), referring to the speaker from previous verse (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the speaker 'I'

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

First person pronoun

Note: Co-refers with 'saḥ' to the speaker.

वाक् (vāk) - speech (vāk), especially in its primordial or sacred sense (speech, word, voice)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice, language

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Part of a compound in genitive plural (vāg-agrasṛṣṭānām)

अग्रसृष्टानाम् (agrasṛṣṭānām) - of the primordial (of the foremost created, of those created first)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of agrasṛṣṭa

agrasṛṣṭa - created first, foremost, primordial

Compound of 'agra' (first, foremost) and 'sṛṣṭa' (created, PPP from sṛj).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agra+sṛṣṭa)

• agra – first, foremost, tip, beginning
  noun (neuter)
• sṛṣṭa – created, emitted, produced
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root sṛj (to create)
  Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Dependent on 'rasānām'.

रसानाम् (rasānām) - of essences (of speech) (of juices, of tastes, of essences, of sentiments)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rasa

rasa - juice, taste, essence, emotion, sentiment

Root: ras (class 1)

Note: Object of the noun 'avalehakaḥ' (implied possessive)

अवलेहकः (avalehakaḥ) - connoisseur, one who savors (taster, licker, one who enjoys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avalehaka

avalehaka - one who licks or tastes, a taster

Agent noun from root lih (to lick) with prefixes ava.

Prefix: ava

Root: lih (class 2)

स्वजात्यान् (svajātyān) - those of my own kind (those of one's own kind or species, one's compatriots)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of svajātīya

svajātīya - of one's own kind, similar, belonging to one's own caste or group

Derived from 'svajāti' (one's own kind/caste) with suffix 'īya'.

Note: Object of 'adhitithāmi'

अधितिष्ठामि (adhitiṣṭhāmi) - I preside over, I excel (I preside over, I rule, I stand above)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of adhisthā

Present Tense, Active Voice

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix adhi.

Prefix: adhi

Root: sthā (class 1)

नक्षत्राणि (nakṣatrāṇi) - stars, constellations

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of nakṣatra

nakṣatra - star, constellation, lunar mansion

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating comparison

चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - the moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of candramas

candramas - the moon, Soma

From candra (shining) and mas (moon).