महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-36, verse-11

एतत्कारणमाज्ञाय दृष्ट्वा देवासुरं पुरा ।
युद्धं पिता मे हृष्टात्मा विस्मितः प्रत्यपद्यत ॥११॥

11. etatkāraṇamājñāya dṛṣṭvā devāsuraṁ purā ,
yuddhaṁ pitā me hṛṣṭātmā vismitaḥ pratyapadyata.

11. etat kāraṇam ājñāya dṛṣṭvā devāsuram purā
yuddham pitā me hṛṣṭātmā vismitaḥ pratyapadyata

11. me pitā etat kāraṇam ājñāya purā devāsuram
yuddham dṛṣṭvā hṛṣṭātmā vismitaḥ ca pratyapadyata

11. My father, having understood this reason and having witnessed the ancient battle between devas and asuras, became joyful (hṛṣṭātmā) and astonished.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, instrument

• आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having understood

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having witnessed

• देवासुरम् (devāsuram) - related to the battle between devas and asuras (gods and asuras (demons))

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

• पिता (pitā) - father

• मे (me) - my, to me, for me

• हृष्टात्मा (hṛṣṭātmā) - joyful-souled, happy-hearted

• विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished, amazed

• प्रत्यपद्यत (pratyapadyata) - became (joyful and astonished) (attained, acquired, reached, understood, became)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, instrument

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument, motive

Root: kṛ (class 8)

आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

absolutive

gerund from root jñā (to know) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having witnessed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

gerund from root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

देवासुरम् (devāsuram) - related to the battle between devas and asuras (gods and asuras (demons))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of devāsura

devāsura - gods and demons (asuras)

Compound type : dvandva (deva+asura)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• asura – demon, titan
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used here as an adjective modifying 'yuddham'.

पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past

(indeclinable)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

derived from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

मे (me) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, my, me, we, our, us

हृष्टात्मा (hṛṣṭātmā) - joyful-souled, happy-hearted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭātman

hṛṣṭātman - one whose soul is rejoiced, joyful in spirit

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hṛṣṭa+ātman)

• hṛṣṭa – rejoiced, gladdened, thrilled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root hṛṣ (to be excited, rejoice)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished, amazed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vismita

vismita - astonished, amazed, surprised

Past Passive Participle

derived from root smi (to smile) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

प्रत्यपद्यत (pratyapadyata) - became (joyful and astonished) (attained, acquired, reached, understood, became)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pad

imperfect indicative

root pad (class 4A) with prefix prati (to correspond, towards, again)

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)