महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-21, verse-5

स तेन सुसुखोष्णेन तस्या हस्तसुखेन च ।
व्यतीतां रजनीं कृत्स्नां नाजानात्स महाव्रतः ॥५॥

5. sa tena susukhoṣṇena tasyā hastasukhena ca ,
vyatītāṁ rajanīṁ kṛtsnāṁ nājānātsa mahāvrataḥ.

5. saḥ tena susukhoṣṇena tasyāḥ hastasukhena ca
vyatītām rajanīm kṛtsnām na ajānāt saḥ mahāvrataḥ

5. saḥ saḥ mahāvrataḥ tena susukhoṣṇena tasyāḥ
hastasukhena ca kṛtsnām vyatītām rajanīm na ajānāt

5. Due to that very pleasant warmth and the comfort of her hands, that great ascetic (mahāvrata) did not realize that the entire night had passed.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• तेन (tena) - by that (warmth) (by that)

• सुसुखोष्णेन (susukhoṣṇena) - by very comfortable warmth (by very pleasant warmth)

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her

• हस्तसुखेन (hastasukhena) - by the comfort of hands (by the comfort of hands, by pleasant hands)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• व्यतीताम् (vyatītām) - passed (passed, gone by)

• रजनीम् (rajanīm) - the night (night)

• कृत्स्नाम् (kṛtsnām) - entire (entire, whole, complete)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अजानात् (ajānāt) - did not realize (he did not know, he did not perceive)

• सः (saḥ) - that (he, that)

• महाव्रतः (mahāvrataḥ) - the great ascetic (mahāvrata) (great ascetic, one of great vows)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the sage (mahāvrata).

तेन (tena) - by that (warmth) (by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the comfortable warmth.

सुसुखोष्णेन (susukhoṣṇena) - by very comfortable warmth (by very pleasant warmth)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of susukhoṣṇa

susukhoṣṇa - very pleasantly warm, very comfortable and warm

Compound: su (very, good) + sukha (pleasure, comfort) + uṣṇa (warmth)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+sukha+uṣṇa)

• su – good, excellent, very
  indeclinable
• sukha – pleasure, comfort, ease
  noun (neuter)
• uṣṇa – warm, hot, heat
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `tena` (instrumental singular).

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

Note: Refers to the woman attending the sage.

हस्तसुखेन (hastasukhena) - by the comfort of hands (by the comfort of hands, by pleasant hands)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of hastasukha

hastasukha - comfort of hands, pleasantness of hands

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hasta+sukha)

• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)
• sukha – pleasure, comfort, ease
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

व्यतीताम् (vyatītām) - passed (passed, gone by)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vyatīta

vyatīta - passed, gone by, elapsed

Past Passive Participle

From √i (to go) with upasargas vi- and ati-

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `rajanīm`.

रजनीम् (rajanīm) - the night (night)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rajanī

rajanī - night

कृत्स्नाम् (kṛtsnām) - entire (entire, whole, complete)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - entire, whole, complete, all

Note: Qualifies `rajanīm`.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अजानात् (ajānāt) - did not realize (he did not know, he did not perceive)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of jñā

Imperfect Active

Root √jñā (to know), Imperfect tense, parasmaipada

Root: jñā (class 9)

सः (saḥ) - that (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Emphasizing the subject `mahāvrataḥ`.

महाव्रतः (mahāvrataḥ) - the great ascetic (mahāvrata) (great ascetic, one of great vows)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvrata

mahāvrata - great ascetic, one who has taken great vows or observances

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vrata)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)

Note: The subject of the sentence.