महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-21, verse-12

अष्टावक्र उवाच ।
नास्ति स्वतन्त्रता स्त्रीणामस्वतन्त्रा हि योषितः ।
प्रजापतिमतं ह्येतन्न स्त्री स्वातन्त्र्यमर्हति ॥१२॥

12. aṣṭāvakra uvāca ,
nāsti svatantratā strīṇāmasvatantrā hi yoṣitaḥ ,
prajāpatimataṁ hyetanna strī svātantryamarhati.

12. Aṣṭāvakra uvāca | na asti svatantratā strīṇām asvatantrā hi
yoṣitaḥ | prajāpati-matam hi etat na strī svātantryam arhati

12. Aṣṭāvakra uvāca strīṇām svatantratā na asti yoṣitaḥ hi
asvatantrā etat hi prajāpati-matam strī svātantryam na arhati

12. Aṣṭāvakra said: Women do not have independence; indeed, they are dependent. This is Prajāpati's view: a woman is not entitled to independence.

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टावक्र (aṣṭāvakra) - The sage Aṣṭāvakra (Aṣṭāvakra (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (Aṣṭāvakra) (said, spoke)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

• स्वतन्त्रता (svatantratā) - independence (independence, freedom)

• स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

• अस्वतन्त्रा (asvatantrā) - dependent (dependent, not independent)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• योषितः (yoṣitaḥ) - women (women, females)

• प्रजापति-मतम् (prajāpati-matam) - the view of Prajāpati (the opinion of Prajāpati)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• एतत् (etat) - this

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• स्त्री (strī) - a woman (woman)

• स्वातन्त्र्यम् (svātantryam) - independence (independence, freedom)

• अर्हति (arhati) - is entitled to (deserves, is entitled to, is able to)

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टावक्र (aṣṭāvakra) - The sage Aṣṭāvakra (Aṣṭāvakra (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Aṣṭāvakra

Aṣṭāvakra - Aṣṭāvakra (name of a sage)

Compound of aṣṭa (eight) and vakra (bent/crooked), referring to his body being bent in eight places.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aṣṭa+vakra)

• aṣṭa – eight
  numeral adjective
• vakra – bent, crooked
  adjective (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (Aṣṭāvakra) (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Root: as (class 2)

स्वतन्त्रता (svatantratā) - independence (independence, freedom)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of svatantratā

svatantratā - independence, freedom

Derived from svatantra (independent) + -tā (feminine suffix for abstract nouns).

स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

अस्वतन्त्रा (asvatantrā) - dependent (dependent, not independent)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of asvatantra

asvatantra - dependent, not independent

Compound of 'a' (negation) + 'svatantra' (independent).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+svatantra)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• svatantra – independent, free
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of sva (self) + tantra (system, rule).

Note: Agrees with `yoṣitaḥ`.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

योषितः (yoṣitaḥ) - women (women, females)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of yoṣit

yoṣit - woman, female

प्रजापति-मतम् (prajāpati-matam) - the view of Prajāpati (the opinion of Prajāpati)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prajāpati-mata

prajāpati-mata - opinion/view of Prajāpati

Compound of Prajāpati (lord of creatures) and mata (opinion, view).

Compound type : genitive tatpuruṣa (prajāpati+mata)

• prajāpati – lord of creation, creator
  proper noun (masculine)
  Compound of prajā (offspring, creation) + pati (lord).
• mata – opinion, view, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root man (to think) + kta suffix.
  Root: man (class 4)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to `prajāpati-matam`.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

स्त्री (strī) - a woman (woman)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, female

स्वातन्त्र्यम् (svātantryam) - independence (independence, freedom)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svātantrya

svātantrya - independence, freedom, autonomy

Derived from svatantra (independent) + -ya (neuter suffix for abstract nouns).

Note: Object of `arhati`.

अर्हति (arhati) - is entitled to (deserves, is entitled to, is able to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)