महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-138, verse-7

तथा समुद्रो नृपते पूर्णो मृष्टेन वारिणा ।
ब्राह्मणैरभिशप्तः सँल्लवणोदः कृतो विभो ॥७॥

7. tathā samudro nṛpate pūrṇo mṛṣṭena vāriṇā ,
brāhmaṇairabhiśaptaḥ saँllavaṇodaḥ kṛto vibho.

7. tathā samudraḥ nṛpate pūrṇaḥ mṛṣṭena vāriṇā
brāhmaṇaiḥ abhīśaptaḥ san lavaṇa-udaḥ kṛtaḥ vibho

7. Similarly, O King, O Lord, the ocean, which was full of sweet water, was made salty by the curse of the brahmins.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus

• समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - the ocean, the sea

• नृपते (nṛpate) - O King

• पूर्णः (pūrṇaḥ) - full, complete

• मृष्टेन (mṛṣṭena) - with pure, with sweet

• वारिणा (vāriṇā) - with water

• ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by brahmins

• अभीशप्तः (abhīśaptaḥ) - cursed

• सन् (san) - being, existing

• लवण-उदः (lavaṇa-udaḥ) - salty (watered) (having salty water, salty-watered)

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - was made (made, done)

• विभो (vibho) - O Lord, O Ruler

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus

(indeclinable)

From pronoun `tad` with suffix `thā`.

Note: Introduces a comparison or analogous event.

समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - the ocean, the sea

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

Note: Subject of the sentence.

नृपते (nṛpate) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: An address to the listener.

पूर्णः (pūrṇaḥ) - full, complete

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrṇa

pūrṇa - full, filled, complete, abundant

Past Passive Participle

From root 'pṛ' (to fill) with suffix 'kta'.

Root: pṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `samudraḥ`.

मृष्टेन (mṛṣṭena) - with pure, with sweet

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mṛṣṭa

mṛṣṭa - pure, clean, sweet, savory, refined

Past Passive Participle

From root `mṛj` (to clean, purify) with suffix `kta`. In context of water, it means 'sweet'.

Root: mṛj (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `vāriṇā`.

वारिणा (vāriṇā) - with water

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vāri

vāri - water

Note: Instrument by which the ocean was full.

ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by brahmins

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, member of the priestly class

Derived from `brahman`.

Note: Agent of the curse.

अभीशप्तः (abhīśaptaḥ) - cursed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhīśapta

abhīśapta - cursed, reviled, execrated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śap' (to curse) with prefix 'abhi-' and suffix 'kta'. The long 'ī' results from sandhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: śap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `samudraḥ`.

सन् (san) - being, existing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, real

Present Active Participle

From root 'as' (to be) with suffix 'śatṛ'. Nominative singular masculine.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `samudraḥ`.

लवण-उदः (lavaṇa-udaḥ) - salty (watered) (having salty water, salty-watered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lavaṇa-uda

lavaṇa-uda - having salty water, salty water

Bahuvrihi compound meaning 'having salty water'. `uda` is a poetic form for water (`udaka`).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (lavaṇa+uda)

• lavaṇa – salt, salty
  noun (neuter)
• uda – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective for `samudraḥ`.

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - was made (made, done)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with suffix 'kta'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `samudraḥ`.

विभो (vibho) - O Lord, O Ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - lord, ruler, powerful, all-pervading, supreme

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: An address to the listener, parallel to `nṛpate`.