महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-136, verse-20

अविद्वान्ब्राह्मणो देवः पात्रं वै पावनं महत् ।
विद्वान्भूयस्तरो देवः पूर्णसागरसंनिभः ॥२०॥

20. avidvānbrāhmaṇo devaḥ pātraṁ vai pāvanaṁ mahat ,
vidvānbhūyastaro devaḥ pūrṇasāgarasaṁnibhaḥ.

20. avidvān brāhmaṇaḥ devaḥ pātram vai pāvanam mahat
vidvān bhūyastaraḥ devaḥ pūrṇa-sāgara-saṃnibhaḥ

20. avidvān brāhmaṇaḥ devaḥ (asti),
vai mahat pāvanam pātram (asti).
vidvān (brāhmaṇaḥ) bhūyastaraḥ devaḥ (asti),
pūrṇa-sāgara-saṃnibhaḥ (ca asti).

20. An unlearned brahmin is considered a divine being, indeed a great purifying vessel. A learned brahmin, however, is an even greater divine being, comparable to a full ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• अविद्वान् (avidvān) - unlearned, ignorant, unknowing

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brahmin (a member of the priestly class)

• देवः (devaḥ) - god, divine being

• पात्रम् (pātram) - vessel, recipient, worthy person

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• पावनम् (pāvanam) - purifying, sacred, pure; purifier

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - a learned brahmin (implied) (learned, knowing, wise)

• भूयस्तरः (bhūyastaraḥ) - even greater, more abundant

• देवः (devaḥ) - god, divine being

• पूर्ण-सागर-संनिभः (pūrṇa-sāgara-saṁnibhaḥ) - comparable to a full ocean

Words meanings and morphology

अविद्वान् (avidvān) - unlearned, ignorant, unknowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avidvat

avidvat - unlearned, ignorant, foolish

Negative 'a' + Present Active Participle of 'vid'

Derived from 'a' (not) and 'vidvat' (knowing), which is the present active participle of root 'vid' (to know)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+vidvat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• vidvat – knowing, learned
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  Present active participle of root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Used here as an adjective for 'brāhmaṇaḥ'.

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brahmin (a member of the priestly class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, member of the priestly class, relating to Brahman

Derived from 'brahman'

देवः (devaḥ) - god, divine being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

पात्रम् (pātram) - vessel, recipient, worthy person

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pātra

pātra - vessel, cup, plate; worthy person, deserving person, recipient

Root: pā (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

पावनम् (pāvanam) - purifying, sacred, pure; purifier

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāvana

pāvana - purifying, sacred, pure; purifier, means of purification

Causative from root 'pū'

From root 'pū' (to purify) with causal suffix '-ana'

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pātram'.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, mighty, important, noble

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root 'mah' (to grow, be great)

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pātram'.

विद्वान् (vidvān) - a learned brahmin (implied) (learned, knowing, wise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvat

vidvat - knowing, learned, wise

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root 'vid' (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Used here substantively or as an adjective for an implied 'brāhmaṇaḥ'.

भूयस्तरः (bhūyastaraḥ) - even greater, more abundant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūyastara

bhūyastara - greater, more abundant, more numerous

Comparative form of 'bhūyas' (more, greatly)

Note: Comparative degree of 'bhūyas'.

देवः (devaḥ) - god, divine being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

पूर्ण-सागर-संनिभः (pūrṇa-sāgara-saṁnibhaḥ) - comparable to a full ocean

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrṇasāgarasaṃnibha

pūrṇasāgarasaṁnibha - resembling a full ocean, comparable to a full ocean

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pūrṇa+sāgara+saṃnibha)

• pūrṇa – full, complete, filled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'pṛ' (to fill)
  Root: pṛ (class 9)
• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
• saṃnibha – like, resembling, similar to
  adjective
  From 'sam' + root 'bhā' (to shine, appear)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Describes the 'vidvān brāhmaṇaḥ'.