महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-123, verse-4

अहं दानं प्रशंसामि भवानपि तपःश्रुते ।
तपः पवित्रं वेदस्य तपः स्वर्गस्य साधनम् ॥४॥

4. ahaṁ dānaṁ praśaṁsāmi bhavānapi tapaḥśrute ,
tapaḥ pavitraṁ vedasya tapaḥ svargasya sādhanam.

4. aham dānam praśaṃsāmi bhavān api tapaḥśrute
tapaḥ pavitram vedasya tapaḥ svargasya sādhanam

4. I praise charity (dāna). And you, O master of austerity and learning (tapasśruti)! Austerity (tapas) is the purifier of the Veda, and austerity (tapas) is the means to heaven.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• दानम् (dānam) - charity (dāna) (charity, giving, gift)

• प्रशंसामि (praśaṁsāmi) - I praise, I commend

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (the respected addressee) (you (respectful), your honor)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• तपःश्रुते (tapaḥśrute) - O master of austerity (tapas) and learning (śruti) (O master of austerity and learning)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance)

• पवित्रम् (pavitram) - purifier (purifying, sacred, holy)

• वेदस्य (vedasya) - of the Veda

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance)

• स्वर्गस्य (svargasya) - of heaven

• साधनम् (sādhanam) - means (means, instrument, accomplishment)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

दानम् (dānam) - charity (dāna) (charity, giving, gift)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, gift, charity

from root dā + ana suffix

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Object of `praśaṃsāmi`.

प्रशंसामि (praśaṁsāmi) - I praise, I commend

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śaṃs

present active, 1st singular

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

भवान् (bhavān) - you (the respected addressee) (you (respectful), your honor)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful), being, existing

present active participle of bhū, used as pronoun

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used as an honorific personal pronoun.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

तपःश्रुते (tapaḥśrute) - O master of austerity (tapas) and learning (śruti) (O master of austerity and learning)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tapaḥśruti

tapaḥśruti - one who possesses/is learned in austerity and Vedic knowledge

compound of `tapas` (austerity) and `śruti` (Vedic knowledge/learning)

Compound type : dvandva (tapas+śruti)

• tapas – austerity, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• śruti – hearing, Vedic revelation/knowledge, tradition
  noun (feminine)
  from root śru, 'to hear'
  Root: śru (class 5)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

पवित्रम् (pavitram) - purifier (purifying, sacred, holy)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pavitra

pavitra - purifying, sacred, holy; a purifier

from root pū (to purify)

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective or substantive.

वेदस्य (vedasya) - of the Veda

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of veda

veda - Veda, sacred knowledge

from root vid, 'to know'

Root: vid (class 2)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

स्वर्गस्य (svargasya) - of heaven

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial region

साधनम् (sādhanam) - means (means, instrument, accomplishment)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sādhana

sādhana - means, instrument, accomplishment, proof

from root sādh, 'to accomplish'

Root: sādh (class 5)