महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-41, verse-2

धन्याः पाण्डुसुता लोके येषां ब्राह्मणपुंगवाः ।
तथ्यान्वाप्यथ वातथ्यान्गुणानाहुः समागताः ॥२॥

2. dhanyāḥ pāṇḍusutā loke yeṣāṁ brāhmaṇapuṁgavāḥ ,
tathyānvāpyatha vātathyānguṇānāhuḥ samāgatāḥ.

2. dhanyāḥ pāṇḍusutāḥ loke yeṣām brāhmaṇapuṅgavāḥ
tathyān vā api atha vā atathyān guṇān āhuḥ samāgatāḥ

2. loke pāṇḍusutāḥ dhanyāḥ yeṣām samāgatāḥ brāhmaṇapuṅgavāḥ
tathyān vā api atha vā atathyān guṇān āhuḥ

2. Fortunate are the sons of Pāṇḍu in this world, since excellent Brahmins, having gathered, speak of their virtues (guṇa), whether those virtues are truly present or not.

Words meanings summery:

• धन्याः (dhanyāḥ) - blessed, fortunate, auspicious

• पाण्डुसुताः (pāṇḍusutāḥ) - sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

• लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom

• ब्राह्मणपुङ्गवाः (brāhmaṇapuṅgavāḥ) - chief among Brahmins, excellent Brahmins

• तथ्यान् (tathyān) - true, real, correct

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• वा (vā) - or

• अतथ्यान् (atathyān) - untrue, false, incorrect

• गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, virtues, attributes

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they speak

• समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - having assembled, gathered together, met

Words meanings and morphology

धन्याः (dhanyāḥ) - blessed, fortunate, auspicious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhanya

dhanya - blessed, fortunate, auspicious

From 'dhana' (wealth) + -ya, implying possessing wealth/fortune

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍusutāḥ'.

पाण्डुसुताः (pāṇḍusutāḥ) - sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍusuta

pāṇḍusuta - son of Pāṇḍu

Compound of 'Pāṇḍu' and 'suta' (son)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+suta)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king), pale, yellowish-white
  proper noun (masculine)
• suta – son, produced, born
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of root 'sū' (to beget), but used as a noun
  Root: sū (class 2)

लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, society

From root 'lok' (to see)

Root: lok (class 1)

येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

ब्राह्मणपुङ्गवाः (brāhmaṇapuṅgavāḥ) - chief among Brahmins, excellent Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇapuṅgava

brāhmaṇapuṅgava - chief among Brahmins, excellent Brahmin

Compound of 'brāhmaṇa' (Brahmin) and 'puṅgava' (bull, excellent one)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brāhmaṇa+puṅgava)

• brāhmaṇa – Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class
  noun (masculine)
  From 'brahman' (sacred knowledge) + -aṇa
• puṅgava – bull, excellent, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'āhuḥ'.

तथ्यान् (tathyān) - true, real, correct

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tathya

tathya - true, real, correct

From 'tathā' (so, thus) + -ya

Note: Qualifies 'guṇān'.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects 'tathyān' and 'atathyān'.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Particle

Note: Enhances 'even if'.

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects 'tathyān' and 'atathyān'.

अतथ्यान् (atathyān) - untrue, false, incorrect

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of atathya

atathya - untrue, false, incorrect

Negative compound of 'a' + 'tathya'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tathya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• tathya – true, real, correct
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'tathā' (so, thus) + -ya

Note: Qualifies 'guṇān'.

गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, virtues, attributes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, attribute, constituent, thread

Note: Object of 'āhuḥ'.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect tense form of root 'ah'

Root: ah (class 2)

समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - having assembled, gathered together, met

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāgata

samāgata - assembled, met, gathered

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root 'gam' (to go) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'brāhmaṇapuṅgavāḥ'.