महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-41, verse-13

द्विजानां वेदकार्येषु कार्येष्वन्येषु चैव हि ।
धौम्यं पुरोधसां श्रेष्ठं व्यादिदेश परंतपः ॥१३॥

13. dvijānāṁ vedakāryeṣu kāryeṣvanyeṣu caiva hi ,
dhaumyaṁ purodhasāṁ śreṣṭhaṁ vyādideśa paraṁtapaḥ.

13. dvijānām vedakāryeṣu kāryeṣu anyeṣu ca eva hi
dhaumyaṃ purodhasām śreṣṭhaṃ vyādideśa paraṃtapaḥ

13. paraṃtapaḥ purodhasām śreṣṭhaṃ dhaumyaṃ
dvijānām vedakāryeṣu anyeṣu ca eva hi vyādideśa

13. The scorcher of foes (paraṃtapa) appointed Dhaumya, the foremost among priests (purodhas), for the Vedic rituals of the twice-born (dvija) and also for other duties.

Words meanings summery:

• द्विजानाम् (dvijānām) - of the Brahmins (of the twice-born)

• वेदकार्येषु (vedakāryeṣu) - in Vedic duties, in Vedic rituals

• कार्येषु (kāryeṣu) - in duties, in tasks

• अन्येषु (anyeṣu) - in other

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

• धौम्यं (dhaumyaṁ) - Dhaumya, the priest of the Pandavas (Dhaumya)

• पुरोधसाम् (purodhasām) - of the chief priests, of the purohitas

• श्रेष्ठं (śreṣṭhaṁ) - the best, the foremost

• व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - commanded, appointed, instructed

• परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - Yudhishthira (the subject of the verse) (scorcher of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

द्विजानाम् (dvijānām) - of the Brahmins (of the twice-born)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth

derived from 'dvi' (twice) + 'ja' (born from root 'jan')

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+jan)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• ja – born
  noun derivative
  derived from root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

वेदकार्येषु (vedakāryeṣu) - in Vedic duties, in Vedic rituals

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of vedakārya

vedakārya - Vedic duty, ritual concerning the Vedas

compound 'veda' + 'kārya'

Compound type : tatpurusha (veda+kārya)

• veda – Veda (sacred knowledge), knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• kārya – duty, work, task, to be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  derived from root 'kṛ' with suffix 'ya'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

कार्येषु (kāryeṣu) - in duties, in tasks

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of kārya

kārya - duty, work, task, to be done

Gerundive

derived from root 'kṛ' with suffix 'ya'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अन्येषु (anyeṣu) - in other

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of anya

anya - other, different

Note: Agrees with 'kāryeṣu'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

(indeclinable)

धौम्यं (dhaumyaṁ) - Dhaumya, the priest of the Pandavas (Dhaumya)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhaumya

dhaumya - Dhaumya (a proper name, name of a Rishi, preceptor of the Pandavas)

पुरोधसाम् (purodhasām) - of the chief priests, of the purohitas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of purodhas

purodhas - chief priest, family priest (purohita)

compound 'puras' (before) + 'dhas' (placing, from root 'dhā')

Compound type : tatpurusha (puras+dhā)

• puras – before, in front
  indeclinable
• dhas – placing, holding
  noun derivative
  derived from root 'dhā' (to place)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

श्रेष्ठं (śreṣṭhaṁ) - the best, the foremost

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief

superlative form of 'praśasya' (excellent)

Note: Agrees with 'dhaumyaṃ'.

व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - commanded, appointed, instructed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vyādiś

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Perfect tense, Parasmaipada

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: diś (class 6)

परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - Yudhishthira (the subject of the verse) (scorcher of foes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, scorcher of enemies

compound 'paraṃ' (accusative of 'para' enemy) + 'tapa' (causing pain, from root 'tap')

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+tapa)

• para – enemy, other, supreme
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – heat, torment, asceticism
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root 'tap' (to heat, to torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: An epithet for Yudhishthira.