महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-41, verse-14

सहदेवं समीपस्थं नित्यमेव समादिशत् ।
तेन गोप्यो हि नृपतिः सर्वावस्थो विशां पते ॥१४॥

14. sahadevaṁ samīpasthaṁ nityameva samādiśat ,
tena gopyo hi nṛpatiḥ sarvāvastho viśāṁ pate.

14. sahadevaṃ samīpasthaṃ nityam eva samādiśat
tena gopyaḥ hi nṛpatiḥ sarvāvasthaḥ viśām pate

14. (saḥ) nityam eva samīpasthaṃ sahadevaṃ samādiśat
viśām pate hi tena nṛpatiḥ sarvāvasthaḥ gopyaḥ

14. He always gave instructions to Sahadeva, who was nearby. For, O lord of the people (viśāṃ pate), the king (nṛpati) was indeed to be protected by him in all circumstances.

Words meanings summery:

• सहदेवं (sahadevaṁ) - Sahadeva, the youngest Pandava brother (Sahadeva)

• समीपस्थं (samīpasthaṁ) - situated nearby, standing by

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• समादिशत् (samādiśat) - commanded, instructed

• तेन (tena) - by Sahadeva (by him)

• गोप्यः (gopyaḥ) - to be guarded, protected

• हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - Yudhishthira (the king)

• सर्वावस्थः (sarvāvasthaḥ) - in all conditions, in all circumstances

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

Words meanings and morphology

सहदेवं (sahadevaṁ) - Sahadeva, the youngest Pandava brother (Sahadeva)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (a proper name)

समीपस्थं (samīpasthaṁ) - situated nearby, standing by

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samīpastha

samīpastha - standing near, situated nearby

compound 'samīpa' (near) + 'stha' (standing, from root 'sthā')

Compound type : tatpurusha (samīpa+sthā)

• samīpa – near, proximity
  indeclinable (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying
  adjective
  noun forming suffix from verb root
  derived from root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sahadevaṃ'.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

समादिशत् (samādiśat) - commanded, instructed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of samādiś

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, Imperfect tense, Parasmaipada

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: diś (class 6)

तेन (tena) - by Sahadeva (by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to Sahadeva.

गोप्यः (gopyaḥ) - to be guarded, protected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gopya

gopya - to be guarded, to be protected, to be kept secret

Gerundive

derived from root 'gup' (to protect)

Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nṛpatiḥ'.

हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

(indeclinable)

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - Yudhishthira (the king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

compound 'nṛ' (man) + 'pati' (lord)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

सर्वावस्थः (sarvāvasthaḥ) - in all conditions, in all circumstances

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvāvastha

sarvāvastha - being in all states/conditions, in every situation

compound 'sarva' (all) + 'avastha' (state, from root 'sthā')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sarva+avastha)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective
• avastha – state, condition, situation
  noun (feminine)
  derived from 'ava-sthā'
  Prefix: ava
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nṛpatiḥ'.

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, community, subject (as in 'subject of a king')

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

Note: Forms a compound vocative 'viśāṃ pate' meaning 'O lord of the people'.