महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-333, verse-17

तस्य चिन्तयतः सद्यः पितृकार्यविधिं परम् ।
दंष्ट्राभ्यां प्रविनिर्धूता ममैते दक्षिणां दिशम् ।
आश्रिता धरणीं पिण्डास्तस्मात्पितर एव ते ॥१७॥

17. tasya cintayataḥ sadyaḥ pitṛkāryavidhiṁ param ,
daṁṣṭrābhyāṁ pravinirdhūtā mamaite dakṣiṇāṁ diśam ,
āśritā dharaṇīṁ piṇḍāstasmātpitara eva te.

17. tasya cintayataḥ sadyaḥ pitṛkāryavidhiṃ
param | daṃṣṭrābhyām pravinirdhūtāḥ
mama ete dakṣiṇām diśam | āśritāḥ
dharaṇīm piṇḍāḥ tasmāt pitaraḥ eva te

17. tasya sadyaḥ param pitṛkāryavidhiṃ
cintayataḥ mama daṃṣṭrābhyām
pravinirdhūtāḥ ete piṇḍāḥ dakṣiṇām diśam
dharaṇīm āśritāḥ tasmāt te eva pitaraḥ

17. As he immediately contemplated the supreme method for ancestral rites, these lumps of earth, expelled by my two tusks, settled upon the earth in the southern direction. Therefore, they are indeed the ancestors (pitṛs).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• चिन्तयतः (cintayataḥ) - thinking, contemplating (of him)

• सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, at once

• पितृकार्यविधिम् (pitṛkāryavidhim) - the method of ancestral rites

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent

• दंष्ट्राभ्याम् (daṁṣṭrābhyām) - by the two tusks

• प्रविनिर्धूताः (pravinirdhūtāḥ) - expelled, thoroughly shaken out

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• एते (ete) - these

• दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - southern, to the south

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction

• आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - having taken refuge, resorted to, settled

• धरणीम् (dharaṇīm) - the earth

• पिण्डाः (piṇḍāḥ) - lumps of earth (lumps, balls (of earth/rice))

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors (pitṛs) (ancestors, fathers)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only

• ते (te) - they, those

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

चिन्तयतः (cintayataḥ) - thinking, contemplating (of him)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of cintayat

cintayat - thinking, contemplating

Present Active Participle

from root cit (to perceive) in causative form cintaya (to think) with śatṛ suffix

Root: cit (class 10)

सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, at once

(indeclinable)

पितृकार्यविधिम् (pitṛkāryavidhim) - the method of ancestral rites

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛkāryavidhi

pitṛkāryavidhi - method of performing ancestral rites

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+kārya+vidhi)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• kārya – work, duty, rite
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  from root kṛ (to do, make) with ṇyat suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• vidhi – rule, method, ordinance
  noun (masculine)

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, excellent, other

Note: Modifies pitṛkāryavidhim

दंष्ट्राभ्याम् (daṁṣṭrābhyām) - by the two tusks

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, dual of daṃṣṭrā

daṁṣṭrā - tusk, fang

प्रविनिर्धूताः (pravinirdhūtāḥ) - expelled, thoroughly shaken out

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pravinirdhūta

pravinirdhūta - completely shaken off, expelled, thrown out

Past Passive Participle

from pra + vi + nir + root dhū (to shake) + kta suffix

Prefixes: pra+vi+nir

Root: dhū (class 5)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - southern, to the south

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - south, southern, right

Note: Modifies diśam

दिशम् (diśam) - direction

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter

आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - having taken refuge, resorted to, settled

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśrita

āśrita - resorted to, dependent on, dwelling in

Past Passive Participle

from ā + root śri (to resort to, lean on) + kta suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

धरणीम् (dharaṇīm) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dharaṇī

dharaṇī - earth, ground

पिण्डाः (piṇḍāḥ) - lumps of earth (lumps, balls (of earth/rice))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of piṇḍa

piṇḍa - lump, ball, body, mass

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

ablative singular of tad (that)

पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors (pitṛs) (ancestors, fathers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

एव (eva) - indeed, only

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it