महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-282, verse-4

यथोदयगिरौ द्रव्यं संनिकर्षेण दीप्यते ।
तथा सत्संनिकर्षेण हीनवर्णोऽपि दीप्यते ॥४॥

4. yathodayagirau dravyaṁ saṁnikarṣeṇa dīpyate ,
tathā satsaṁnikarṣeṇa hīnavarṇo'pi dīpyate.

4. yathā udayagirau dravyam saṃnikarṣeṇa dīpyate
tathā sat-saṃnikarṣeṇa hīnavarṇaḥ api dīpyate

4. yathā udayagirau dravyam saṃnikarṣeṇa dīpyate
tathā satsaṃnikarṣeṇa hīnavarṇaḥ api dīpyate

4. Just as an object on the dawn mountain becomes radiant through its proximity [to the rising sun], so too, through close association with virtuous individuals, even a person of humble origin shines brightly.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

• उदयगिरौ (udayagirau) - on the sunrise mountain, on the eastern mountain

• द्रव्यम् (dravyam) - a substance, an object, wealth, thing

• संनिकर्षेण (saṁnikarṣeṇa) - by proximity, by contact, by close association

• दीप्यते (dīpyate) - shines, becomes bright, is illuminated

• तथा (tathā) - so, so too, in that manner

• सत्-संनिकर्षेण (sat-saṁnikarṣeṇa) - by proximity to good people, by association with the virtuous

• हीनवर्णः (hīnavarṇaḥ) - a person of low status/caste/color, humble person

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• दीप्यते (dīpyate) - shines, becomes bright, is illuminated

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

(indeclinable)

उदयगिरौ (udayagirau) - on the sunrise mountain, on the eastern mountain

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of udayagiri

udayagiri - sunrise mountain, eastern mountain (mythical mountain from behind which the sun rises)

Compound of 'udaya' (rise) and 'giri' (mountain)

Compound type : tatpurusha (udaya+giri)

• udaya – rise, ascent, dawn, prosperity
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'ud'
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)
• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gṛ (class 6)

द्रव्यम् (dravyam) - a substance, an object, wealth, thing

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dravya

dravya - substance, object, material, wealth, thing

Gerundive/potential passive participle

Derived from root 'dru' (to run, flow)

Root: dru (class 1)

संनिकर्षेण (saṁnikarṣeṇa) - by proximity, by contact, by close association

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saṃnikarṣa

saṁnikarṣa - proximity, contact, nearness, close association

Derived from root 'kṛṣ' (to draw, pull) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ni'

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

दीप्यते (dīpyate) - shines, becomes bright, is illuminated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of dīp

Root: dīp (class 4)

तथा (tathā) - so, so too, in that manner

(indeclinable)

सत्-संनिकर्षेण (sat-saṁnikarṣeṇa) - by proximity to good people, by association with the virtuous

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sat-saṃnikarṣa

sat-saṁnikarṣa - proximity to good people, association with the virtuous

Compound of 'sat' (good, virtuous) and 'saṃnikarṣa' (proximity)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sat+saṃnikarṣa)

• sat – existent, true, good, virtuous, real
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root 'as' (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• saṃnikarṣa – proximity, contact, nearness, close association
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'kṛṣ' (to draw, pull) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ni'
  Prefixes: sam+ni
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

हीनवर्णः (hīnavarṇaḥ) - a person of low status/caste/color, humble person

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīnavarṇa

hīnavarṇa - of low caste/color/status, humble, ignoble

Compound of 'hīna' (deficient, low) and 'varṇa' (color, social class)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hīna+varṇa)

• hīna – deficient, lacking, inferior, low, abandoned
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'hā' (to abandon, forsake)
  Root: hā (class 3)
• varṇa – color, outward appearance, social class, caste, letter
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'vṛ' (to cover, choose)
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Used as a noun referring to a person of humble origin

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

दीप्यते (dīpyate) - shines, becomes bright, is illuminated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of dīp

Root: dīp (class 4)