महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-282, verse-13

अप्रनष्टे ततो धर्मे भवन्ति सुखिताः प्रजाः ।
सुखेन तासां राजेन्द्र मोदन्ते दिवि देवताः ॥१३॥

13. apranaṣṭe tato dharme bhavanti sukhitāḥ prajāḥ ,
sukhena tāsāṁ rājendra modante divi devatāḥ.

13. apraṇaṣṭe tataḥ dharme bhavanti sukhitāḥ prajāḥ
sukhena tāsām rājendra modante divi devatāḥ

13. tataḥ dharme apraṇaṣṭe prajāḥ sukhitāḥ bhavanti
rājendra tāsām devatāḥ sukhena divi modante

13. When the natural law (dharma) is not destroyed, then the subjects become happy. O best of kings, the deities rejoice happily in heaven because of them (the happy subjects).

Words meanings summery:

• अप्रणष्टे (apraṇaṣṭe) - when (the natural law) is not destroyed (when not destroyed, in the undisturbed, in the imperishable)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore, from that)

• धर्मे (dharme) - when the natural law (dharma) (in the natural law, in the duty)

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become (they become, they are)

• सुखिताः (sukhitāḥ) - happy (happy, joyful, comfortable)

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the subjects (subjects, people, progeny, creation)

• सुखेन (sukhena) - happily (with happiness, happily, easily)

• तासाम् (tāsām) - because of them (the subjects) (of them, for them)

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O best of kings (O best of kings, O chief of kings)

• मोदन्ते (modante) - rejoice (they rejoice, they are glad)

• दिवि (divi) - in heaven (in heaven, in the sky)

• देवताः (devatāḥ) - the deities (deities, gods)

Words meanings and morphology

अप्रणष्टे (apraṇaṣṭe) - when (the natural law) is not destroyed (when not destroyed, in the undisturbed, in the imperishable)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of apraṇaṣṭa

apraṇaṣṭa - not destroyed, not lost, undisturbed

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Negative prefix a- + pra- + root naś + ta.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+praṇaṣṭa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• praṇaṣṭa – destroyed, lost, disappeared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra + root naś + ta.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Part of a locative absolute phrase. Agrees with dharme.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle.

धर्मे (dharme) - when the natural law (dharma) (in the natural law, in the duty)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, religious merit

From root dhṛ + suffix man.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute phrase.

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become (they become, they are)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Root bhū (1st class, bhvādigaṇa).

Root: bhū (class 1)

सुखिताः (sukhitāḥ) - happy (happy, joyful, comfortable)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sukhitā

sukhitā - made happy, comfortable, joyful

Past Passive Participle (from causative sukhaya) or adjective.

From sukha (happiness) + ita suffix.

Root: sukh (class 10)

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the subjects (subjects, people, progeny, creation)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, subjects, people, creature, creation

From pra + root jan + ḍa suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

सुखेन (sukhena) - happily (with happiness, happily, easily)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, ease, comfort

From su (good) + kha (space, wheel-hole).

Note: Adverbial use.

तासाम् (tāsām) - because of them (the subjects) (of them, for them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Genitive of cause or relation.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O best of kings (O best of kings, O chief of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, best of kings

Compound: rājan (king) + indra (chief, best, also name of a deity).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• indra – chief, best, Indra (deity)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct address to a king.

मोदन्ते (modante) - rejoice (they rejoice, they are glad)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of mud

Root mud (1st class, bhvādigaṇa).

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: ātmanepada ending.

दिवि (divi) - in heaven (in heaven, in the sky)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of div

div - sky, heaven, day

Irregular feminine noun.

Root: div

देवताः (devatāḥ) - the deities (deities, gods)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of devatā

devatā - deity, divinity, god

From deva (god) + tā suffix.

Root: div (class 1)