महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-282, verse-21

दमेन शोभते विप्रः क्षत्रियो विजयेन तु ।
धनेन वैश्यः शूद्रस्तु नित्यं दाक्ष्येण शोभते ॥२१॥

21. damena śobhate vipraḥ kṣatriyo vijayena tu ,
dhanena vaiśyaḥ śūdrastu nityaṁ dākṣyeṇa śobhate.

21. damena śobhate vipraḥ kṣatriyaḥ vijayena tu
dhanena vaiśyaḥ śūdraḥ tu nityam dākṣyeṇa śobhate

21. vipraḥ damena śobhate.
kṣatriyaḥ tu vijayena (śobhate).
vaiśyaḥ dhanena (śobhate).
śūdraḥ tu nityam dākṣyeṇa śobhate.

21. A Brahmin is graced by self-control, and a Kshatriya (warrior) by victory. A Vaishya (merchant) is distinguished by wealth, while a Shudra (laborer) is always adorned by diligence and skill.

Words meanings summery:

• दमेन (damena) - by self-control, by restraint

• शोभते (śobhate) - shines, is beautiful, is adorned, is suitable

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin, a priest, an inspired one

• क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a Kshatriya, a warrior

• विजयेन (vijayena) - by victory, by conquest

• तु (tu) - but, and, on the other hand

• धनेन (dhanena) - by wealth, by riches

• वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaishya (member of the merchant/farmer class)

• शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Shudra (member of the laborer class)

• तु (tu) - but, and, on the other hand

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• दाक्ष्येण (dākṣyeṇa) - by skill, by cleverness, by diligence

• शोभते (śobhate) - shines, is beautiful, is adorned, is suitable

Words meanings and morphology

दमेन (damena) - by self-control, by restraint

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint, discipline, subduing

verbal noun

from root dam + a suffix

Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Instrument of śobhate.

शोभते (śobhate) - shines, is beautiful, is adorned, is suitable

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śubh

present

root śubh, class 1 (bhūvādi), middle voice, 3rd singular

Root: śubh (class 1)

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin, a priest, an inspired one

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, priest, inspired, wise

Note: Subject of śobhate.

क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a Kshatriya, a warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - Kshatriya (member of the warrior and ruling class), warrior, noble

from kṣatra (power, rule)

Note: Subject of implied śobhate.

विजयेन (vijayena) - by victory, by conquest

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest, success

verbal noun

from vi-ji

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Instrument of implied śobhate.

तु (tu) - but, and, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction, used to connect different parts of a list or contrasting statements.

धनेन (dhanena) - by wealth, by riches

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, money

Note: Instrument of implied śobhate.

वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaishya (member of the merchant/farmer class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - Vaishya (member of the merchant, farmer, artisan class)

from viś (settlement, community)

Note: Subject of implied śobhate.

शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Shudra (member of the laborer class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - Shudra (member of the laborer, servant class)

Note: Subject of śobhate.

तु (tu) - but, and, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction, used to connect different parts of a list or contrasting statements.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying śobhate.

दाक्ष्येण (dākṣyeṇa) - by skill, by cleverness, by diligence

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dākṣya

dākṣya - skill, dexterity, cleverness, diligence, efficiency

from dakṣa (able, clever) + yañ suffix

Note: Instrument of śobhate.

शोभते (śobhate) - shines, is beautiful, is adorned, is suitable

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śubh

present

root śubh, class 1 (bhūvādi), middle voice, 3rd singular

Root: śubh (class 1)