महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-280, verse-13

तथा कामकृतं चास्य विहिंसैवापकर्षति ।
इत्याहुर्धर्मशास्त्रज्ञा ब्राह्मणा वेदपारगाः ॥१३॥

13. tathā kāmakṛtaṁ cāsya vihiṁsaivāpakarṣati ,
ityāhurdharmaśāstrajñā brāhmaṇā vedapāragāḥ.

13. tathā kāmakṛtam ca asya vihiṃsā eva apakārṣati
iti āhuḥ dharmaśāstrajñāḥ brāhmaṇāḥ vedapāragāḥ

13. dharmaśāstrajñāḥ vedapāragāḥ brāhmaṇāḥ iti āhuḥ
tathā asya kāmakṛtam ca vihiṃsā eva apakārṣati

13. Similarly, any action (karma) performed by a person out of desire (kāma) that involves harm or violence truly diminishes its merit. Thus declare the Brahmins, who are experts in the scriptures on natural law (dharmaśāstra) and thoroughly conversant with the Vedas.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - Similarly (thus, so, similarly)

• कामकृतम् (kāmakṛtam) - performed out of desire (done out of desire, motivated by desire)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अस्य (asya) - of a person, his (of this, of him, his)

• विहिंसा (vihiṁsā) - harm or violence (harm, injury, violence)

• एव (eva) - truly, indeed (indeed, only, just)

• अपकार्षति (apakārṣati) - diminishes its merit, degrades (draws down, degrades, diminishes, injures)

• इति (iti) - Thus (introducing a conclusion or statement) (thus, so, in this manner (marks the end of a quotation or statement))

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - declare (they say, they declare)

• धर्मशास्त्रज्ञाः (dharmaśāstrajñāḥ) - experts in the scriptures on natural law (dharmaśāstra) (knowers of dharmaśāstra, experts in law books)

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins (Brahmins, learned persons)

• वेदपारगाः (vedapāragāḥ) - those who have completely mastered the Vedas (those who have mastered the Vedas, experts in the Vedas)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - Similarly (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

कामकृतम् (kāmakṛtam) - performed out of desire (done out of desire, motivated by desire)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of kāmakṛta

kāmakṛta - done from desire, effected by desire

Compound of kāma and kṛta

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+kṛta)

• kāma – desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ- (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Acts as a noun here, referring to 'that which is done by desire'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of a person, his (of this, of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the agent of the action.

विहिंसा (vihiṁsā) - harm or violence (harm, injury, violence)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vihiṃsā

vihiṁsā - injury, mischief, doing harm, hurting

From prefix vi- and root hiṃs-

Prefix: vi

Root: hiṃs (class 10)

Note: Subject of the verb 'apakārṣati'.

एव (eva) - truly, indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

अपकार्षति (apakārṣati) - diminishes its merit, degrades (draws down, degrades, diminishes, injures)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of apakṛṣ

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

इति (iti) - Thus (introducing a conclusion or statement) (thus, so, in this manner (marks the end of a quotation or statement))

(indeclinable)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - declare (they say, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (liṭ) of brū

Irregular perfect active 3rd plural of brū/vac, often treated as present. Sometimes listed as root āh.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Formally a perfect tense, but often used in the sense of a present tense 'they say' in such contexts.

धर्मशास्त्रज्ञाः (dharmaśāstrajñāḥ) - experts in the scriptures on natural law (dharmaśāstra) (knowers of dharmaśāstra, experts in law books)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmaśāstrajña

dharmaśāstrajña - one who knows the dharmaśāstras (texts on natural law/duty)

Compound of dharmaśāstra and jña

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharmaśāstra+jña)

• dharmaśāstra – scriptures on natural law, codes of conduct, religious law books
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of dharma and śāstra
• jña – knower, expert, acquainted with
  noun (masculine)
  from root jñā- (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to the subject of 'āhuḥ'.

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins (Brahmins, learned persons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a learned person, one belonging to the priestly class

Note: Co-referent with dharmaśāstrajñāḥ and vedapāragāḥ.

वेदपारगाः (vedapāragāḥ) - those who have completely mastered the Vedas (those who have mastered the Vedas, experts in the Vedas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vedapāraga

vedapāraga - one who has gone to the other shore of the Vedas, proficient in the Vedas

Compound of Veda and pāraga

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+pāraga)

• veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  from root vid- (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• pāraga – one who has gone to the opposite shore, crossed over, accomplished, master
  adjective (masculine)
  from pāra (other side) and gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Co-referent with dharmaśāstrajñāḥ and brāhmaṇāḥ.